Questions tagged [systemd]
systemd is an alternative approach to SystemV and Upstart init daemons for Linux. It is intended to provide a better framework for expressing services' dependencies, allow more work to be done in parallel at system startup, and to reduce shell overhead.
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How does systemd use /etc/init.d scripts?
I just switched to debian jessie, and most things run okay, including my graphical display manager wdm.
The thing is, I just don't understand how this works. Obviously my /etc/init.d/wdm script is ...
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How to run a script with systemd right before shutdown?
What do I need to put in the [install] section, so that systemd runs /home/me/so.pl right before shutdown and also before /proc/self/net/dev gets destroyed?
[Unit]
Description=Log Traffic
[Service]
...
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Which systemd service starts text console on the framebuffer device?
I'm working with an embedded platform and need to have /dev/fb0 clear for my own use (the device accessible over serial console while the screen is used to display information, without X.).
I've ...
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How to write startup script for Systemd?
I have 2 graphics cards on my laptop. One is IGP and another discrete.
I've written a shell script to to turn off the discrete graphics card.
How can I convert it to systemd script to run it at ...
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Does systemd still know about runlevels?
Does systemd still have the concept of runlevels? For example is it pointless to use telinit <number>?
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Cause a script to execute after networking has started?
I am relatively new to systemd and am learning its architecture.
Right now, I'm trying to figure out how to cause a custom shell script to run. This script needs to run after the networking layer has ...
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Writing basic systemd service files
I am developing a Nodejs application that the user interacts with via HTTP on localhost. There are practically no parameters and the daemon has virtually no dependencies and it just needs to be up by ...
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What exactly is "a stop job", as in "A stop job is running..."?
After a shutdown command is issued, sometimes one gets a status message like this:
A stop job is running for Session 1 of user xy
and then the system hangs for awhile, or forever depending on ???
...
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Difference between systemd and terminal starting program
I am curious as to what this difference is between programs that are; started with systemd when enabled through systemctl, vs those started by means of /etc/rc.local or through the CLI.
For example, ...
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How to find out if a system uses SysV, Upstart or Systemd initsystem [duplicate]
Is there a simple way to find out which initsystem is being used e.g by a recent Debian wheezy or Fedora system? I'm aware that Fedora 21 uses systemd initsystem but that is because I read that and ...
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A stop job is running for Session c2 of user
The following message appears almost every time I shutdown my computer:
A stop job is running for Session c2 of user ... (1min 30s)
It waits for 1min30s then continues the shutdown process. I follow ...
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What is the correct substitute for rc.local in systemd instead of re-creating rc.local
I cannot find the correct way to execute some local scripts (or very local commands) at systemd, I already know I must not create a service (in systemd a unit) for this kinds of scripts (or I must?)......
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Systemd kills service immediately after start
I'm writing systemd unit files for OSSEC HIDS. The problem is that when systemd starts the services it immediately stops them.
When I use the following ExecStart directive everything is working fine.
...
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configure java daemon with systemd
I'm using this definition for a systemd job:
[Unit]
Description=Some job
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/somejob
User=dlt
Type=forking
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
The script ...
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systemctl --user not available for www-data user
systemctl --user seems to be working fine for the desktop user:
dev@dev-VirtualBox:~$ systemctl --user > /dev/null
dev@dev-VirtualBox:~$ echo $?
0
But when running the same command under the www-...
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Porting old sysvinit habits to systemd
I have a series of script with which I was able to install and configure newly Debian stable systems. To automatically start programs I use /etc/rc.local but for other cases I had to manually change ...
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How to clear journalctl
I couldn't find in google any safe way to clear systemd journal. Do anyone know any safe and reliable way to do so?
Let's say I was experimenting with something and my logs got cluttered with various ...
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votes
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answers
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Where do I put my systemd unit file?
I read that there are two folders for unit files (not in user mode).
/usr/lib/systemd/system/: units provided by installed packages
/etc/systemd/system/: units installed by the system administrator
...
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What's the difference between /usr/lib/systemd/system and /etc/systemd/system?
Before all the unit files were in /etc/systemd/system/ but now some are showing up in /usr/lib/systemd/system (<- on CentOS, or /lib/systemd/system <- on Debian/Ubuntu), what is the difference ...
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When I log in, it hangs until crng init done
When I log in with LightDM on my laptop running Debian Unstable, it recently started to hang for around 2 minutes until journalctl shows the message kernel: random: crng init done. When I press random ...
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Systemd backed tmpfs | How to specify /tmp size manually
I mount /tmp on tmpfs using:
sudo systemctl enable tmp.mount
sudo systemctl start tmp.mount
But this way /tmp takes up all the free RAM:
$ df -h /tmp
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted ...
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How does gnome reboot without root privileges?
I am reading the book Linux kernel development, in chapter 5 "System Call Implementation" page 77 says
For example, capable(CAP_SYS_NICE) checks whether the caller has the
ability to modify nice ...
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Failed to get D-Bus connection: Connection refused
A sudo user named my-host is getting the following error message when trying to reload systemctl on an Amazon Linux 2 EC2 image.
[my-host@ip-12-3-4-56 ~]$ systemctl --user daemon-reload
Failed to get ...
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How do I display log messages from previous boots under CentOS 7?
Executing journalctl under a CentOS 7 system just prints messages generated after the last boot.
The command
# journalctl --boot=-1
prints
Failed to look up boot -1: Cannot assign requested ...
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Why doesn't my systemd user unit start at boot?
I'm trying to create a systemd user unit and have it start when the system boots. The service does start manually, however it does not start at boot.
From searching the Internet I learned that in ...
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What are the default Polkit privileges on Arch Linux for shutdown, halt, etc., and why are they so?
On Arch Linux, with systemd, the following commands are all symlinks to systemctl:
/usr/bin/telinit
/usr/bin/poweroff
/usr/bin/runlevel
/usr/bin/reboot
/usr/bin/halt
/usr/bin/shutdown
I find their ...
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Not sure what starts this systemd unit file
So I've been looking at the openvpn configuration on my Debian 9 based server and found something that I cannot explain in the systemd unit files for the openvpn daemon. The daemon itself is starting ...
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systemd cannot find PID file after YAJSW wrapper startup
I have a systemd startup script for a forking service (let's call it foo) based on YAJSW (Yet Another Java Service Wrapper). The relevant part of the .service file looks like this:
ExecStart=/opt/foo/...
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Is it OK to change /etc/machine-id?
I cloned a disk (SSD) and put the cloned disk into another machine. Now both systems have the same value in /etc/machine-id. Is it any problem to simply edit /etc/machine-id to change the value? Can I ...
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systemctl - service exit codes and status information explanation
When checking a service status via systemctl
systemctl status docker
the output is something like
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/...
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Output of a python script running as unit is out of order while shells seems unnafected
How would I get all outputs of systemd managed python2 script instantly into journal, just like it appears in terminal
I'm on centos 7, but seems to be same on arch
according to systemd manual, ...
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Why does `init 0` result in "Excess Arguments" on Arch install?
I am used to the old method of calling init 0 to shutdown. Bad, I know; but when I tried it on my new Arch install I get this:
# init 0
Excess Arguments
This confuses me because I thought systemd ...
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How to start 2FA-using OpenVPN with systemd?
I have openvpn config that users 2 factor authentication.
If I start it manually, by running:
/usr/sbin/openvpn --writepid /run/whatever --cd /etc/openvpn/ --config /etc/openvpn/work.conf
it asks ...
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votes
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Set systemd service to execute after fstab mount
I'm working on a systemd .service script that is supposed to start after a CIFS network location is mounted via /etc/fstab to /mnt/ on boot-up.
The script waits for an OpenVPN dependency script to ...
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Process with weird random name consuming significant network and CPU resources. Is someone hacking me?
In a VM on a cloud provider, I'm seeing a process with weird random name. It consumes significant network and CPU resources.
Here's how the process looks like from pstree view:
systemd(1)───...
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How to disable X server autostart in Debian Jessie?
I have a remote machine running Debian 8 (Jessie) with lightdm installed. I want it to start in no-GUI mode, but I don't want to remove all X-related stuff to still be able to run it though SSH with ...
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How to start and use ssh-agent as systemd service?
How to start ssh-agent as systemd service? There are some suggestions in the net, but they are not complete.
How to add automatically unencrypted keys if ssh-agent service was started successfully? ...
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Writing a systemd service to be executed at resume
my Dell laptop is subject to this bug with kernel 3.14. As a workaround I wrote a simple script
/usr/bin/brightness-fix:
#!/bin/bash
echo 0 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightnes
(and ...
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In systemd, what starts units generated by generator?
On my machine (Arch linux), systemd-generator generates some unit files in /run/systemd/generator/ and they seem to be started somehow on boot. What is starting them?
For example, boot.mount is ...
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Location to place systemd service EnvironmentFile when creating debian package
I am currently rewriting upstart jobs to use systemd and I wanted to know:
Where is the "default" place to an EnvironmentFile?
It could potentially go in /etc/environment
It could be with all the ...
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Integration of afuse user-level automounter with sshfs as a systemd service spawned from login for local users
Edit 2020: I've been using the systemd-answer posted below for several years now, and am quite happy with it.
To facilitate working with remote files, I setup afuse with sshfs to run from .bashrc of ...
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How do I setup user autostart and properly configure systemd user services?
On my arch server, I was setting up users restricted to their home directories. I ran:
useradd -m -s /bin/bash username and passwd username
I've read this wiki article...
I figured I should use ...
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answers
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How to see full log from systemctl status service?
I check service status with systemctl status service-name.
By default, I see few rows only, so I add -n50 to see more.
Sometimes, I want to see full log, from start. It could have 1000s of rows.
Now,...
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The "proper" way to test if a service is running in a script
My problem:
I'm writing a bash script and in it I'd like to check if a given service is running.
I know how to do this manually, with $ service [service_name] status.
But (especially since the move ...
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Why do most systemd examples contain WantedBy=multi-user.target?
I have read what is multi-user.target and the systemd documentation, which states that the multi-user.target is a special target. Further, a lot of the systemd examples contain that line.
Why do so ...
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How could we allow non-root users to control a systemd service?
With sysvinit, a sudoers entry like this would suffice:
%webteam cms051=/sbin/service httpd *
This would allow for commands such as:
sudo service httpd status
sudo service httpd restart
Now, with ...
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How to unload kernel module 'nvidia-drm'?
I'm trying to install the most up-to-date NVIDIA driver in Debian Stretch. I've downloaded NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-390.48.run from here, but when I try to do
sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-390.48.run
as ...
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How to configure systemd-resolved and systemd-networkd to use local DNS server for resolving local domains and remote DNS server for remote domains?
I'm connected to local area network with access to the Internet through gateway. There is DNS server in local network which is capable of resolving hostnames of computers from local network.
I would ...
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How to change systemd service timeout value?
In the company I am working now there is a legacy service and its init script is using old SysvInit, but is running over systemd (CentOS 7).
Because there's a lot of computation, this service takes ...
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How does _netdev mount option in /etc/fstab work?
I'd like to know what is the exact mechanism (implementation) used to defer mounting until after network interface is up when one uses _netdev option in /etc/fstab?
Does systemd alter this behavior?
...
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