Questions tagged [subshell]
The subshell tag has no usage guidance.
24
votes
3answers
4k views
How can I detect if I'm in a subshell?
I'm trying to write a function to replace the functionality of the exit builtin to prevent myself from exiting the terminal.
I have attempted to use the SHLVL environment variable but it doesn't seem ...
0
votes
0answers
48 views
Run script in background using `&` or `()&`?
If I want to run a script in background, for example a.sh, should I run
./a.sh &
or should I put it in a subshell then background it?
(./a.sh) &
I test both and don't see difference, both ...
2
votes
1answer
35 views
Bash script to count number of executions instances does not work
I am writing a script that detects if there is any instance of it already running on my Linux machine and shows on screen the number of instances.
The content of the "detect_itself.sh" script is:
#!/...
1
vote
1answer
35 views
Is it possible for sendmail to not use all the output from a bash subshell piped to it?
( GNU bash, version 4.2.50(1)-release (powerpc-ibm-aix6.1.2.0))
(
echo "a"
echo "b"
echo "c"
)| sendmail -F "Sender" recipients@a.com
This runs inside a .sh file, and the log (when ran with the -x ...
-2
votes
2answers
33 views
Identifying shell script's subshell number from within a script itself
I am accidentally caught in a desire to reveal the subshell number (BASH_SUBSHELL) from within the script itself, but i get subshell 0
Here is the script's line
echo "Operated from subshell: $...
0
votes
1answer
32 views
Exported Date Variable not appearing in subshell
I'm currently working on creating 2 bashes with two different scripts which result in two files named with the same timestamp for easy comparison/processing later. The date variable gets created in ...
1
vote
1answer
75 views
Terminating infinite-loop script embedded in tmux status bar
I have an infinite while loop bash script embedded in tmux status bar. In ~/.tmux/conf:
set -g status-right '... #(path/loop.sh) ...'
Tmux seems to run this script with sh -c. After tmux started:
$ ...
3
votes
1answer
426 views
Process substitution inside a subshell to set a variable
I'm trying to run a script remotely and use its standard output to populate a variable. I'm doing this to avoid temporary files.
Here's the pattern I'm trying:
var=$(bash <(curl -fsSkL http://...
21
votes
3answers
2k views
How does this script ensure that only one instance of itself is running?
On 19 Aug 2013, Randal L. Schwartz posted this shell script, which was intended to ensure, on Linux, "that only one instance of [the] script is running, without race conditions or having to clean up ...
0
votes
1answer
77 views
How can I stop a child process of a subshell (as per SIGSTOP) before the subshell exits?
In bash, when running ( sleep 123 &), the sleep 123 process will continue running, when the subshell exits. How can I stop the sleep 123 process before its parent subshell exits?
I'm trying to ...
0
votes
1answer
63 views
Confused why script does not exit
I have this script verbatim:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
handle_json(){
while read line; do
cat <<EOF
{"@json-stdio":true,"value":{"mark":"$1","v":"$line"}}
EOF
done;
}
( echo; echo; echo '...
6
votes
2answers
1k views
How can I get the pid of a subshell? [duplicate]
How can I get the pid of a subshell?
For example:
$ echo $$
16808
This doesn't work, because the original shell expands $$:
$ ( echo $$ )
16808
Why does single quoting not work? After the ...
0
votes
2answers
52 views
“Globally Store” PID of file started from bash script
I'm compiling a latex file in a script and then I'm trying to either open a new pdf reader window or reload the current one (llpp being my reader), so after compiling my script does
pdflatex $...
7
votes
1answer
778 views
exit not terminating the script [duplicate]
exit doesn't terminate the script when error is called..
output
Error: Could not resolve localhost
after exit
script
#!/bin/sh
resolve_ip (){
if [ -z "$1" ]; then
host="localhost"
...
1
vote
1answer
81 views
Weird behavior in zsh random generator
I have this script to generate $1 digit(s) of mixed random char from the defined charlists as arrays.
#!/bin/bash
charlist1=(a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z)
charlist2=(0 1 2 3 4 ...
0
votes
1answer
59 views
Catch result of sub-process in Z-shell
AAA <options>; CCC AAA <options>
AAA, CCC are different commands.
Here we're in an zsh script - for example:
vi script.zsh
<...>
AAA <options>; CCC AAA <options>
<.....
2
votes
1answer
454 views
VNC clipboard not working
If I uncomment the two lines in my ~/.vnc/xstartup that enable 'normal' desktop environment for VNC, the vncconfig -iconic & command is ignored:
#!/bin/sh
# Uncomment the following two lines for ...
2
votes
0answers
50 views
How to make a script being called inside another script in a ssh command? [closed]
I have a ssh calling a script in a server, named /opt/scripts/script1.sh.
sshpass -p 'password' ssh user@ip /opt/scripts/script1.sh
(I know sshpass is not secure but there's a reason for that in ...
1
vote
0answers
67 views
Export vars env to tmux's window/session/pane's env
Is there any way to export/upgrade list of variable env from a file or something to tmux's window/session/pane?
Here I have to manually source .bashrc to update new var env to each tmux's pane.
0
votes
1answer
220 views
Run bash subshell with commands as other user and not return to parent shell
As part of my quest to preserve bashrc and vimrc when switching to non-root users, I plan on making some super ugly aliases to switch to other users, immediately execute some commands, and then drop ...
1
vote
1answer
364 views
How to pass PID of one process to another process within the same shell script?
Okay, so this might be a very silly question and I don't write shell scripts too often. I'm trying to start 3 processes in the background, one after the another within a shell script, for example:
#!/...
1
vote
2answers
162 views
Background process of subshell strange behaviour
I wonder why some similar bash commands behave the way they do.
I have a bash script foo:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
while true
do
echo "reading"
read data
echo $data
echo "stderr msg" >...
1
vote
2answers
2k views
How does (echo 'text' ; cat file.txt ) > new file.txt actually work? [duplicate]
So, here's a simple code:
(echo "Some text to prepend"; cat gero.txt) > file.txt
And I can't really grasp the mechanics of this code. So basically gero.txt is an already existing file, we create ...
1
vote
2answers
412 views
Difference between pushd/popd and sub-shell+cd
I'm trying to understand if there are any benefits of using:
pushd my_dir
make all # ... or something else
popd
vs
(
cd my_dir
make all # ... or something else
)
or is it merely a ...
48
votes
3answers
7k views
Is $() a subshell?
I understand the subshell syntax to be (<commands...>), is $() just a subshell that you can retrieve variable values from?
Note: This applies to bash 4.4 based on different wording in their ...
0
votes
1answer
493 views
Setting bash flags in subshells - does it affect parent shell?
I have this in a bash script:
(
set -o pipefail
echo "foobar" | bash
set +o pipefail
)
do I need to reset pipefail setting, or can I just omit that line? In other words, does the pipefail ...
1
vote
2answers
93 views
Is it possible to findout if our command is sourced from a script or manually typed on command line?
We have an implementation to set environment for a particular tool with our custom command.
Eg: custom_command tool_name
This command logs the invokation time, user and tool_name in a log file.
And ...
0
votes
1answer
259 views
grabbing exit code of background process/subshell
I am wondering if there is any difference between:
long_running.sh &
pid=$!
and
(
long_running.sh
) &
pid=$!
will the pid be capture consistently in both cases, or will there be some ...
2
votes
1answer
811 views
Compare command output inside if statement without subshell
According to https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html#Command-Grouping
Placing a list of commands between curly braces causes the list to be executed in the current shell context.
But ...
4
votes
1answer
692 views
Why (…) doesn't spawn a new child process when run in background?
After running the command
{ sleep 5; } &
output of ps is (output 1)
PID TTY TIME CMD
972 ttys000 0:00.27 -bash
2556 ttys000 0:00.00 -bash
2557 ttys000 0:00.00 ...
4
votes
1answer
1k views
Syntax error in nohup (…)
I am trying to test the nohup command in the bash shell by executing a command in the background and logging out and back in again and expecting the output of the command to be in the nohup.out file.
...
1
vote
1answer
238 views
Child process - listen for event when parent dies
I have a detached child process. It knows its parent's pid. Is there some way on both MacOS and Linux that I can listen for when the parent process exits, from the child process?
I need to make a ...
1
vote
1answer
68 views
Are processes run from Bash run in a “sub shell”?
When I run an executable (like a.out) from a Bash shell, is that executable run in some kind of "sub" shell, i.e. different from the shell at which I'm typing?
I'll try illustrate my question with an ...
2
votes
1answer
257 views
Run subshells in parallel and collect exit codes
I have the following, I thought it ran the subshells in parallel, but it actually seems to run them in series, and I cannot figure out why:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e;
set -m # allow for job control
...
1
vote
2answers
490 views
How to execute ant scripts in a differing directory to a shell script?
I'm writing a shell script to automate an elaborate build process. It includes execution of multiple ant scripts located in different directories.
The shell script is in my home directory, while the ...
6
votes
1answer
5k views
Exporting a variable from inside a function equals to global export of that variable?
I use Ubuntu 16.04 with the native Bash on it.
I'm not sure if executing
#!/bin/bash
myFunc() {
export myVar="myVal"
}
myFunc
equals in any sense, to just executing export myVar="myVal".
Of ...
2
votes
1answer
251 views
BASH subprocess using SSH in script?
I want to do something like the following in a script
$ ssh host1 "$(command)"
However, the sub processes gets executed before the SSH connection is established because if I do the following
$ ssh ...
3
votes
5answers
169 views
How to execute many files in the same directory in a minimal, DRY, pretty way?
I use Ubuntu 16.04 and I have a localization file, a file that executes many files, that I got after downloading my own GitHub project to my machine.
This file contains a Bash script, and is named ...
9
votes
3answers
1k views
What is the exact difference between a “subshell” and a “child process”?
According to this and this, a subshell is started by using parenthesis (…).
( echo "Hello" )
According to this, this and this, a process is forked when the command is started with a &
echo "...
2
votes
1answer
547 views
Variable inherited in the subshell without exporting in the main shell [duplicate]
I am having the below shell script
var="this is a test"
ls -ltr| while read file
do
echo $var
done
echo $var
I am getting the below output:
this is a test
this is a test
this is a test
How ...
2
votes
3answers
1k views
Silently kill subshell?
I want to implement something like this Q/A but for a sub-shell. Here is a minimal example of what I'm trying:
(subshell=$BASHPID
(kill $subshell & wait $subshell 2>/dev/null) &
sleep ...
8
votes
1answer
394 views
Why does exiting with a stored returncode of a nested command result in different returncodes in Dash and Bash?
Running
bash -c 'bash -c "echo test1; exit 1;" &> /tmp/x; buildresult=$?; tail -n 100 /tmp/x; exit $buildresult;'
results in test1 being printed to console and echo $? to print 1 which in my ...
1
vote
2answers
114 views
How to get output of variable with line breaks?
I want to get onre output of top to variable for future processing. I tried:
top=$(top -n1)
top=$(top -n1 -w80)
top=$(top -n1 -b -w80)
top=$(COLUMNS=100 top -b-n1)
When I run echo $top then I see ...
6
votes
1answer
610 views
Why is the output on this ping outside the subshell?
I have a simple script that checks if an interface is connected:
connected=$(ping -I $1 -qc 1 8.8.8.8 \
&& echo "connected" \
|| echo "not connected")
echo "$connected" | tail -n1
I'm ...
5
votes
2answers
493 views
Why bash does not spawn a subshell for simple commands?
Consider the two following bash commands. One creates a subshell and the other does not.
No subshell
$ bash -c "sleep 10000 "
pstree output:
bash,100648
└─sleep,103509 10000
With subshell
$ ...
0
votes
1answer
276 views
can't capture PID from background process started in a sub-shell that's running in a heredoc passed to `sudo su`
I'm trying to capture the PID of a process started in a sub-shell so I can check if the process started correctly, the process in question is a puma app.
sudo su - $APPUSER <<-BASH
PID="\$(...
4
votes
1answer
730 views
Difference between subshells and process substitution
In bash, I want to assign my current working directory to a variable. Using a subshell, I can do this.
var=$(pwd)
echo $var
/home/user.name
If I use process substitution like so:
var=<(pwd)
...
5
votes
3answers
4k views
Set environment variable for subshell
I know that I can run a command with an environment variable like this:
FOO=bar mycommand
I know that I can run commands in a subshell like this:
(firstcommand && secondcommand)
But can I ...
1
vote
0answers
1k views
Restoring tty correctly with stty
I'm writing a bash script to read some user input (like a password request), and I'd like to capture the result and pass it through its stdout.
(I'm working in a GNU/Linux environment, with recent ...
1
vote
1answer
314 views
“. ~/.bashrc” does not set variables as expected in the calling script
Background
I have written a script to install node via nvm.
Issue
The command . $LOCAL_SHELL_CONFIG_FILE inside install_latest_stable_node() does not run and thus, when it prints the PATHs for node ...
