Questions tagged [initrd]
initrd is a method for loading a temporary file system into memory, during the process of booting the Linux kernel.
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How to copy the /bin files along with dependencies using commands?
The /bin folder of Ubuntu 14.04 has files with dependencies. I want to copy the symbolic links along with the files, into a separate directory. Is there an inbuilt command for this?
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1answer
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My initrd has only one directory, after decompressing, namely 'kernel'
The file shows 56 blocks as the size. I am using the system Ubuntu 16.04 and I need a solution that does not require me to update the kernel.
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trap signal in bash initramfs fails to work
inside /init bash script executed by the kernel in initramfs.img i need to send a signal to drop me to a rescue shell, so i have
trap "exec /bin/bash" SIGINT
but ctrl+C isn't effective.
First why ...
2
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1answer
63 views
Kernel can't find initrd?
When trying to mount ext2 I get this error:
Creating 4 MTD partitions on "MPC8313RDB Flash Map Info":
0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : "U-Boot"
0x000000100000-0x000000300000 : "Kernel"
0x000000300000-...
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0answers
16 views
Who is in charge of offering initrd
After reading this link, I've known why we need the initrd. As my understanding, after the kernel is loaded into RAM, the initrd does two things:
loading necessary drivers;
mount the real root ...
2
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1answer
107 views
Can't mount squashfs loop during initramfs
I am trying to mount a squashfs file during initramfs.
I have included loop and squashfs modules.
Currently using mount /foo.squashfs /mountpoint
or mount -t squashfs -o loop /foo.squashfs /...
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2answers
52 views
how to know the right size of /boot
for now /boot on our linux machines is
/dev/sda1 497M 157M 340M 32% /boot
we want to create a new linux redhat template
and I have the feeling that /boot size is too small
for ...
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1answer
47 views
kernel sysfs doesn't recognize storage kobjects [closed]
I am using ubuntu kernel 4.xx with corresponding ubuntu initrd.img, and it works. But, I want to use a custom initramfs inspired by lfs (linux from scratch) initramfs. The kernel extracts, and runs ...
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0answers
29 views
How to add ssmtp into initramfs?
I'm trying to add ssmtp into initramfs. However, I can not find (or compile at the moment) the statically linked version. I guess my only option is adding the current, dynamically linked version.
I'...
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0answers
2k views
Ubuntu 18.04 LUKS boot problems
Problem description
I am trying to achieve dualboot of Windows 10 (pre-installed) and Ubuntu 18.04 on a new laptop. This is not very difficult, however it appears to get much more complex if you also ...
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0answers
131 views
Why can't dd write to /dev/ram0 on Core Linux?
I created an ext2 file-system on /dev/ram0 ramdisk, and mounted it at /mnt/ram.
mkdir /mnt/ram
mkext2fs /dev/ram0
sudo mount /dev/ram0 /mnt/ram -o rw
Reading from ramdisk with dd works.
dd if=/dev/...
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45 views
How to find modules used in initrd?
Is there a way to see all the kernel modules/drivers put in the initrd/intramfs?
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1answer
466 views
GRUB Can't find sda partition
I have dualboot on my laptop with windows being the primary OS. Today after my linux os froze I hard rebooted the laptop. After that I got a kernel panic. I've been trying to solve it using GRUB.
I ...
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0answers
119 views
Kernel Panic unable to mount rootFS when booting without initrd [closed]
I am trying to boot a linux kernel(version 4.14.13+) without initrd support. I compiled most of the modules required for PCI, filesystem and chipset driver with the kernel. I still get the Kernel ...
3
votes
1answer
560 views
Did the pivot_root() documentation anticipate the feature of mount namespaces?
pivot_root() moves the root filesystem of the calling process to the directory put_old and makes new_root the new root filesystem of the
calling process.
The typical use of pivot_root(...
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Why does booting from Debian on usb with lvm fail until usb is plugged out and in again?
Background: I decided to “dual boot” an encrypted Fedora and Debian system.
I installed fedora first on a the usb drive. Created a boot partition (call it sdb1 for reference) and then an encrypted ...
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0answers
234 views
Accessing initramfs-tools features in Yocto generated initramfs image
I would like to load a few kernel modules, and activate framebuffer access prior to Plymouth launch. This is normally done using /etc/initramfs-tools directory provided with the initramfs-tools. ...
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2answers
344 views
Why kernel cannot do the initrd/initramfs job itself? [closed]
Currently I am learning about linux booting process.Here i noticed that the initrd will create temporary root file system that includes drivers(LVM, NFS, etc) which are required by kernel.After that ...
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2answers
625 views
Uboot Hangs when Initrd size increased in FIT image
Im booting Linux on arm64 using FIT multi image (image + initrd + DTB). So if I increase the initrd size (from 16 MB -> 20MB) board hangs at "starting kernel"). However if I change the load address of ...
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0answers
135 views
How to boot a debootstrap-ed system bare metal?
I debootstrap an Ubuntu Xenial system as:
debootstrap --variant=minbase --include=linux-image-generic,linux-headers-generic,systemd,systemd-sysv,dbus --components=main,restricted,universe,multiverse ...
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0answers
329 views
How to combine linux kernel and initrd without compiling?
I know that it's possible to extract from a linux kernel the embedded initramfs cpio. I want to know if the reverse operation is possible; i.e., given both a compiled kernel and initramfs archive, how ...
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0answers
53 views
Tntfs.ko - How can I put it in an initrd file? Or load on boot?
I'm trying to load that specific module (for zenworks purposes), but I can't find the right command to put in my server boot. I tried insmod and modprobe commands, but I'm unsuccessful in doing that.
...
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2answers
69 views
Linux 2.4.0 - How to Create a Root Filesystem for a diskless install
I have a really old build of Linux (version 2.4.0). Please don't ask me why I have such an old version since it's for a very specialised bit of old hardware. Anyway, problem is, I get this message ...
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2answers
2k views
Debian system doesn't mount or find /sbin/init during boot
I'm getting the dreaded "target filesystem doesn't have requested /sbin/init", am getting dropped into initramfs busybox prompt, and am unable to boot. This is after upgrading to the latest 4.9.0-3 ...
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1answer
3k views
How to change the kernel on Kali Linux live usb persistence?
I am using Kali Linux on a bootable USB with persistence. I have updated it using all the update/upgrade/dist-upgrade commands. When I tried to install VMware I noticed a problem with the kernel. It ...
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0answers
162 views
Using an initrd/initramfs as the root filesystem
In Android, the initial RAM disk stays mounted throughout the entirety of the time the operating system is running. No switch_root/pivot_root takes place.
Is this kind of setup easy to pull off with ...
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vote
4answers
7k views
How to change the boot kernel of a usb live w/ persistent running Kali
First, the issue that I'm having is being unable to run VirtualBox on Kali 2.0.
I set up a usb live with persistence running Kali 2.0, which at the time had the 4.6.0-kali1-amd64 kernel. I have ...
1
vote
1answer
653 views
Can't find initrd file on GRUB console
My PC boots to the grub command line.
$ ls
(hd0) (hd1) (hd1,gpt6) (hd1,gpt5) (hd1,gpt4) (hd1,gpt3) (hd1,gpt2) (hd1,gpt1)
(lvm/fedora-swap) (lvm/fedora-home) (lvm/fedora-root)
$ ls (hd1,gpt5)/
...
1
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1answer
968 views
Proper manual OS setup on LUKS encrypted drive with non-aes algorithm on yum-based distro (CentOS)
I'm trying to achieve LUKS-encrypted CentOS 7 install with separate /boot partition and lvm on EFI-friendly motherboard.
I've done partitioning fresh CentOS install from old CentOS(installed from GUI)...
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2answers
633 views
Repack the filesystem image from vmlinux.bin (embedded initramfs) without rebuilding?
In How do I extract the filesystem image from vmlinux.bin? and https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Custom_Initramfs#Salvaging methods are presented for getting and unpacking an embedded initramfs/initrd ...
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0answers
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Flavour of initrd
This Arch wiki page says:
If you are using a systemd based initrd, you must pass:
rd.luks.options=discard
How do I query the initrd mini-shell to find out if I am running a systemd-based initrd?...
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1answer
809 views
uCLinux (linux 4.9 nommu) VFS: Cannot open root device “(null)”
I'm stuck with this kernel panic.
What I want is to embed an initramfs into the kernel xip Image, but linux panic and tell me to pass a valid "root=" rootfs value. But WHY does Linux look for this ...
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votes
2answers
744 views
Why don't we include File System drivers in the kernel itself instead of using Initrd/Initramfs
The Linux kernel contains very minimal code that is necessary to boot on a majority of devices but I don't get the point of having Initrd/Initramfs.As far as I've understood Initrd/Initramfs job is to ...
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vote
1answer
269 views
GRUB freezes after loading initrd unless exact steps are taken
I have a HP Notebook 15-f004wm, which I use as my daily driver.
However, there's a strange issue where GRUB "freezes" (a.k.a can't get past "Loading initrd...") whenever I try to boot.
The only way ...
3
votes
1answer
851 views
switch_root gives Invalid argument
My goal is to unmount the root disk so I can format it. To do this, I want to switch root from the hard disk to some other root. I have chosen to use the files from the initramfs (which contains a ...
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votes
2answers
451 views
Initramfs and Block Devices
In this introduction to initramfs, Robert Landley mentions the following as the motivation behind ramfs.
But ramdisks actually waste even more memory due to caching. Linux is
designed to cache ...
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1answer
258 views
How to use only automatically build RAID arrays on Ubuntu?
I have an Ubuntu 16.06 system where / on an SSD primary partition and /home with md RAID0 on four SSD devices. The file /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf is automatically generated by mkconf and contains no ...
1
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1answer
2k views
initrd built with NFS module cannot mount NFS root
I'm building a custom initrd so that I can boot diskless nodes with a tmpfs root rather than NFS root (a script in the initrd copies the contents of the root device to a tmpfs filesystem, then changes ...
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2answers
129 views
Can initramfs programs access all memory - do they run in real or protected mode?
This is in the context of current 64-bit processors and current linux kernels (I'm using 4.6.4.)
Is it possible for me to write a program that during boot can examine base memory, 640k and under, ...
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1answer
1k views
Booting kernel (FIT image) with no rootfs
An embedded Linux device I am working with has the following kernel parameter:
root=/dev/ram0
Additionally, the kernel image is bundled together with an initrd and device tree to make a flattened ...
1
vote
1answer
2k views
Patching the kernel to allow booting without initrd
The first answer of 'Why does Linux use an Initial Ram Disk at boot?' states that the initrd/initial ram filesystem is used to provide drivers to mount the real root filesystem. It also says that it ...
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1answer
85 views
linux + dose each security kernel rpm will install the relevant initrd and vmlinuz files under /boot
I just print the kernel rpms that need to install on my redhat machine (version 6.5)
# yum list-security --security | grep kernel-[0-9]
RHSA-2014:1143 security kernel-2.6.18-371.12.1.el5.x86_64
...
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3answers
3k views
Why do we need initramfs and initrd
For example we have exotic file system on the disk and in order to load system we need mount root filesystem. But we cannot because there is no suitable driver exists in kernel image.
Let me ...
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2answers
475 views
Server stuck at “Loading initial ramdisk” when using NVidia GPU
I have a server with an NVidia M4000 Quaddro card. In my server BIOS, if I set the GPU priority to 'onboard', my system boots and I can use the NVidia card. If I set the GPU priority to 'external', my ...
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0answers
2k views
Add AHCI to initrd on CentOS7 after installation
I built a complete CentOS7 system with lots of tools, preferences, etc in a VMware guest. Once working fine I moved it to my physical server. I managed to get grub2 installed and the bootloader now ...
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1answer
512 views
Shell prompt from initrd
I have a problem with a Linux system that won't boot. The bootloader happily loads the kernel and initrd, but then the initrd script whines and complains and moans that it can't find the root device.
...
4
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2answers
5k views
How to make a minimal bootable linux (only with terminal) from kernel source code? [duplicate]
I want to make a very minimal linux os which only have a terminal interface and basic commands/applications (busybox is my choice for commands/apps). I don't want the installation option on my os. I ...
14
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1answer
17k views
What is the equivalent of mkinitcpio.conf on debian?
I want to review that the hooks used to build the initrd.img are correct in my debian but I fail to find the /etc/mkinitcpio.conf file like the one in Archlinux, what is the equivalent of this file in ...
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0answers
577 views
Cannot boot kali linux after dist-upgrade, stucks at 'Loading initial ramdisk …'
I did a dist-upgrade from 4.3.0-kali1-amd64 to 4.4.0-kali1-amd64 but when I restart, the screen stucks at 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'.
I had to use the advanced boot options to boot using 4.3.0-...
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1answer
261 views
Running code before initrd has been removed and after the root filesystem has been mounted
I looked here Kernel boot process and I tried to understand how to run a script before initrd filesystem removed and but after the root filesystem has been mounted (EncFS), If I understand it ...
