Questions tagged [here-string]
A special, more compact form of the here-document consisting of <<< followed by a single WORD.
32
questions
2
votes
1
answer
90
views
sed with here-string fails, but succeeds when echo output piped to sed
After updating sed to 4.4 version, sed doesn't replace spaces with commas in the output of find command given to it as here-string:
sed --version
sed (GNU sed) 4.4
ls -l /tmp/test/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- ...
- 287
6
votes
2
answers
837
views
What is more efficient or recommended for reading output of a command into variables in Bash?
If you want to read the single line output of a system command into Bash shell variables, you have at least two options, as in the examples below:
IFS=: read user x1 uid gid x2 home shell <<<...
- 478
3
votes
1
answer
256
views
backtick or Here string or read is not working as expected in RHEL 8
I am trying to redirect the output of a python script as an input into an interactive shell script.
test.py
print('Hello')
print('world')
Say test.py is as above prints "Hello world" which ...
0
votes
2
answers
158
views
sshpass Solaris one liner passing a command
I am trying to pass one liner sshpass command to Solaris box but won't work. those are the options I tried:
sshpass -p "passw" ssh "root@135.102.22.0" -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no `...
- 105
1
vote
2
answers
493
views
Output tee to stdout while writing to a FD using here-strings
I am trying to output tee while writing to a custom file descriptor. Example:
exec 4>"/tmp/testfile.txt"; # open FD 4
tee -a >&4 <<< "Output this to stdout" # ...
- 113
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Why does a Bash 'while' read loop with a command substitution herestring not read the entire input?
Look at this very basic Bash script:
#!/bin/bash
while read l
do
echo $l
echo "next one"
done <<< $(ps aux)
I have several processes on my computer, and the ps aux command works fine in ...
- 163
0
votes
0
answers
126
views
SSH tty session as a Here String
At my job, the only way that I can switch users is by doing the following:
sudo su - *USER*
In order to run multiple commands as the user (in a script or something), I use here strings and here docs:...
- 1
5
votes
1
answer
237
views
What is really happening in this command?
When I use the command cat <<< Hey > text.txt text.txt I expect it to write "Hey" in the file text.txt and then display the file. But there is no output. How is bash interpreting it ...
- 301
0
votes
2
answers
104
views
Ubuntu - How do I pass JSON string to herestring?
Update
I noticed that I am able to pass JSON with this command
command -j /dev/stdin <<< '{"key":"value"}'
However, it does not work if I call it through SSH.
ssh {target} 'command -j /...
- 139
-1
votes
2
answers
516
views
The need for $1 and $2 for comparison with an here-string
This is a follow up to this question;
I don't know why but I keep misunderstanding the following code, although I try very hard to understand it:
function read_and_verify {
read -p "$1:" tmp1
...
user149572
0
votes
2
answers
420
views
What is the end of here string?
It seemed to me that the end of a here string is newline. I realize I am wrong:
$ cat <<< hello world
cat: world: No such file or directory
What can signify the end of a here string?
- 89.8k
8
votes
1
answer
1k
views
What are the differences between here document and here string in their purposes? [closed]
In bash, it seems to me both here document and here string can be used for providing strings as stdin inputs. here document may provide an extra features to specify delimiter, which I am not sure if ...
- 89.8k
6
votes
2
answers
972
views
Are Here-Strings available in ksh88?
I wanted to extract 3 words from a variable in 3 different variables in ksh script. I used this line on ksh93 and it worked fine:
read A B C <<< $line
Got this error for the above command ...
- 439
13
votes
3
answers
20k
views
Cannot create temp file for here-document: Permission denied
[Note: This similar Q concerns the same bash error message. It's been marked a duplicate of this other Q. But because I found a very different source for this error, I will answer my own Q below.]
...
- 2,889
3
votes
3
answers
6k
views
Redirect content under a new line (without further syntax or arguments)
I tried these ways to append content to a file:
printf "\nsource ~/script.sh" >> /etc/bash.bashrc
echo -e "\nsource ~/script.sh" >> /etc/bash.bashrc
cat >> "/etc/bash.bashrc" <&...
- 1,712
11
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Why does wc <<<"$string" show a one-byte-longer length than printf "$string" | wc?
Accidentially, I found out that wc counts differently depending on how it gets the input from bash:
$ s='hello'
$ wc -m <<<"$s"
6
$ wc -c <<<"$s"
6
$ printf '%s' "$s" | wc -m
5
$ ...
- 1,319
2
votes
2
answers
916
views
From multiline heredocument to a uniline herestring, with line breaks
I have this multilinie heredocument which I desire to translate into a uniline herestring:
cat <<-"PHPCONF" > /etc/php/*/zz_overrides.ini
[PHP]
post_max_size = 200M
upload_max_filesize ...
- 209
2
votes
2
answers
8k
views
How to use mapfile
I have some code similar to this:
while read -r col1 col2 col3 col4 col5 col6 col7 col8 TRASH; do
echo -e "${col1}\n${col2}\n${col3}\n${col4}\n${col5}\n${col6}\n"
done< <(ll | tail -n+...
- 32.6k
-2
votes
3
answers
980
views
Append herestring data to a file, if it doesn't already exist in that file (all in one line)
What will be an "elegant" one-line way to append a single line of data into the end of a file, with herestring, if this exact data isn't already in that file?
This is my herestring append pattern:
...
- 1,460
3
votes
3
answers
4k
views
How can pipe producer tell pipe consumer it has reached 'End of File'?" (un-named-pipe, not named-pipe)
I have an application which requires a producer to send filenames to a consumer, and have producer indicate to the consumer when the last filename has been sent and the end of file has been reached.
...
- 586
3
votes
3
answers
4k
views
Variable not interpreted with 'EOF'
This is my script:
var="lalallalal"
tee file.tex <<'EOF'
text \\ text \\
$var
EOF
Need to use 'EOF' (with quotes) because I can not use double slash (//) otherwise.
However, if I use the ...
- 39
3
votes
2
answers
5k
views
Single line heredocument - Possible in Bash?
I desire to run a cat heredocument in a single row instead the natural syntax of 3 rows (opener, content, and delimiter). My need to do so is mostly aesthetic as the redirected content aimed aimed to ...
user149572
11
votes
1
answer
1k
views
What is the advantage of using bash -c over using a here string?
Is there any real benefit to using bash -c 'some command' over using bash <<< 'some command'
They seem to achieve the same effect.
- 369
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Diff between a string and a file
Basically I want to check the difference of the same file before and after a sed
Tried to run:
diff /opt/postTrades.sh <<< $(sed 's/1\ MIN/10\ MIN/g' /opt/postTrades.sh)
and
diff <<&...
- 312
4
votes
1
answer
13k
views
Elegant way of diff'ing two variables?
I have $a and $b. I want to run diff on those.
The best I have come up with is:
diff <(cat <<<"$a") <(cat <<<"$b")
But I have the district feeling that I am missing a clever ...
- 29.7k
1
vote
1
answer
943
views
Assign a value to a variable inside a loop
I have this code :
HOSTS="host1 host2"
For hostname in ${HOSTS} ;
do ssh -tt ${USERNAME}@${hostname} << EOF
HOSTSN="test"
echo ${HOSTSN}
exit
EOF
Done
The variable HOSTSN is empty, can ...
- 103
3
votes
2
answers
7k
views
unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)'
I'm simply trying to get the output from a sql statement and store in bash variable. I am getting " unexpected EOF while looking for matching `)' " error.
I don't see what i'm doing wrong. Why am I ...
1
vote
0
answers
252
views
ksh type with herestring
I wanted to use Here String in conjunction with custom type in KSH. Unfortunately I am not able to tell what I am doing wrong.
#!/bin/ksh
typeset -T Type_t=(
typeset string='aaa'
function fc {
...
- 145
10
votes
4
answers
4k
views
Why does cut fail with bash and not zsh?
I create a file with tab-delimited fields.
echo foo$'\t'bar$'\t'baz$'\n'foo$'\t'bar$'\t'baz > input
I have the following script named zsh.sh
#!/usr/bin/env zsh
while read line; do
<<<$...
- 18.1k
1
vote
2
answers
3k
views
Use variables in here-string
To feed input to an interactive script, I've been using a here-string:
script <<< $'1 2\n3 4\n5 6\nq'
This effectively enters
1 2
3 4
5 6
q
into the script. But how can I replace one of ...
- 287
2
votes
3
answers
902
views
Extract lines from text with string as input
How can extract lines that match the regexp string ^li from the text (not a file) below using sed or something?
linux
loan
litmus
launch
I tried grep but I couldn't find a way to search within ...
- 741
2
votes
1
answer
178
views
Openssl generate invalid websocket security code
I need to write websocket server on GAWK. And server must handle user's Sec-WebSocket-Key by following algorithm (from RFC):
Concat key with 258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11
Take sha-1 in binary ...
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