Questions tagged [hard-link]
A hard link is file system entry that associates a name with another file on a file system.
206
questions
0
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1answer
25 views
Enable symbolic link from other user
I'm trying to get the symbolic link from other user.
My file is located in /home/serviceA/logs/a.txt And I want to create a symbolic link to /home/centos/logs/a.txt.
Here is my command I ran as root ...
0
votes
1answer
23 views
Invalid cross-device linked. Multiple shares from the same NAS
I have a NAS devices, and I've mounted 2 shared folders from this one device.
QNAP
Ubuntu 18.04
fstab config:
//192.168.0.10/Media /media/QNAP_Media cifs credentials=/home/user/....
2
votes
1answer
34 views
Looking for a convenient way to create hard links
I'm looking for a convenient way to create hard links. Sort of like a drag and drop method. I was looking for such a feature in Midnight Commander but I couldn't find it. If there's a CLI-based file ...
0
votes
1answer
82 views
Can every file really own at least 2 names (and thus 2 hard links)?
This page on inodes has been exceptional help in grasping the surface-level concept of file systems. On the same page, the author has inserted this snippet demonstrating that each file or directory ...
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3answers
92 views
Hardlink that “split” when a file changes
Is it possible (in classical ext4, and/or in any other filesystem) to create two files that point to the same content, such that if one file is modified, the content is duplicated and the two files ...
0
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1answer
63 views
Working Syntax for Rsync Copy of a set of 2 or more Hard-linked Folder Trees while maintaining this specific archive structure?
Working Syntax for Rsync Copy of a set of 2 or more Hard-linked Folder Trees while maintaining this specific archive structure?
PS: Would this be a better fit in SO or SU SE?
Template of Current/ ...
1
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0answers
57 views
How to force tar cf to have reproducable results?
Preface: We have a complex build process and discovered it's working on one system and failing on another (unfortunally/Murphy it worked on the Jenkins build server, so the problem remained ...
7
votes
4answers
438 views
Properly unlinking hard links
I have a script that goes like this
ln /myfile /dev/${uniquename}/myfile
I want to remove the link of /dev/somename/myfile to decrease the link count.
How do I do this?
0
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0answers
40 views
BSD tar xPf won't extract hardlinked files through symlinked directory
On MacOS 10.11.6, /usr/bin/tar is "bsdtar 2.8.3 - libarchive 2.8.3". The -P option allows me to extract a tar file through a symlink. That is, if foo1 is a symlink to foo2, and the tar file stores ...
0
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0answers
72 views
Cannot rm broken NTFS link
I'm trying to use an old windows NTFS drive as extra storage on a raspberry pi. I tried to delete everything on it, but came across a problem where I can't remove two broken links. I can format the ...
1
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1answer
50 views
Find (and delete) all files with hard link count = 1
I'm having a tough time trying to reclaim some unused disk space on one of my macOS 10.13 partitions.
Thanks to GrandPerspective, I think I found out that every time I delete some items in Photos for ...
0
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1answer
36 views
Link files and directories, in target directory, with cross-device links
I have a user account at my local library (they use openslx), in which I can store files. My actual home folder is "mounted" (I'm not sure how) in /home/[my_userID]/PERSISTENT instead of /home/[...
0
votes
1answer
200 views
Hard links with MergerFS
If someone uses the command "cp -alr" on a directory located in a non-path preserving merged pool will it always create a directory on the same disk with all of its contents as hard links?
For ...
1
vote
1answer
61 views
Safely remove a symlink or hardlink
Does using rm on a symlink or a hard-link remove the source in addition to the link? Is there a good way to delete a hard-link or a symlink without deleting the source?
And if there is a good way ...
0
votes
1answer
276 views
Difference between file descriptor and soft/hard link
If soft link and hard link are pointer to a file.
And file descriptor is a file handle pointing to an open file.
Then what exact difference is between the two if both of them are a kind of pointer ...
0
votes
1answer
131 views
What happens when you copy a hardlink?
Imagine I have a file something/a.txt, which I hardlink from b.txt. Now, if I cp b.txt c.txt, is c.txt a hard link to a.txt, or is it a copy of the contents of a.txt?
0
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1answer
49 views
A command to know if some file are “only” an hard link and “not” a symlink [duplicate]
I need a command for an if condition to know if 'file_name' is an hard link (not symlink). Thanks
1
vote
1answer
107 views
What to do when hard link is lost because of my text editor
So, I have a file, for this instance we shall call it $HOME/Documents/hello.txt. I will write some text inside it:
Hello, welcome to my text file
And I will hard-link this file here: $HOME/Documents/...
1
vote
2answers
115 views
How can you move hardlinks to another disk
If we have a file on a disk and create a hard link pointing to it then we have two references to the same data. If one link gets deleted it does not affect the other link as it is directly pointing ...
2
votes
1answer
368 views
Overlay storage driver internals
A follow-up from this question.
My further reading on Docker storage drivers revealed that the overlay driver merges all the image layers into lower layers using a hard link implementation which ...
18
votes
2answers
1k views
How to create a hard link to an inode (ext4)?
If I know the index node (inode) of a file, but I don't know its path (or any of its paths), is it possible to create a hard link to that inode directly?
I could find the file using sudo find / -inum ...
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0answers
89 views
Rsnapshot made my external disk run out of space
I have Rsnapshot doing incremental backups from Client1 to Server1 (RAID 5) within folder "BACKUP".
On Server 1, tonight, I copied the "BACKUP"to an external disk for the first time using the command ...
1
vote
1answer
516 views
Why don't FAT filesystems support links? [closed]
FAT filesystems represent files via linked lists of clusters (linked file allocation).
They have a region on disk for one or more tables (File Allocation Table) which have as many entries as ...
1
vote
1answer
42 views
Determine extra size of hard link tree
It is relatively common to use a "hard link tree" to create a second backup of a folder that is effectively just a copy of the files that have changed since the original backup.
For example, rsync ...
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votes
1answer
122 views
creating test1 and test2 files in /var directory in Linux, [closed]
I need to create test1 and test2 files in /var directory in Linux , and creating Hard link for test1 file and soft link for test2 file in /tmp
1
vote
1answer
1k views
unlink delete files which are not links [duplicate]
I created a hard link
$ ln hours.sh hours_link
test it
$ ls -l hours*
-rw-r--r-- 2 me staff 653 Apr 12 2018 hours.sh
-rw-r--r-- 2 me staff 653 Apr 12 2018 hours_link
remove it with unlink
$ ...
1
vote
3answers
924 views
How do you count the total number of hard links within a directory?
I've been trying to use the -ls and find commands to total the number of hard link occurrences within a directory.
Is there a simple way to accomplish this beyond physically counting all of the link ...
4
votes
3answers
123 views
unique contribution of folder to disk usage
I have a backup containing folders for daily snapshots. To save space, identical files in different snapshots are deduplicated via hard links (generated by rsync).
When I'm running out of space, one ...
1
vote
1answer
134 views
Using clamav efficiently when timeshift snapshots are present
I am searching for a simple way to perform a full system scan using clamav on a machine that also has Timeshift based snapshooting enabled.
As suggested by this answer on the Ubuntu site, I was using ...
4
votes
1answer
321 views
Atomically write a file without changing inodes (preserve hard link)
The normal way to safely, atomically write a file X on Unix is:
Write the new file contents to a temporary file Y.
rename(2) Y to X
In two steps it appears that we have done nothing but change X "...
0
votes
1answer
51 views
what is the right approach to copy folder content that include links
we have the following folders / links /files under /usr/hdp/2.6.0.3-8/zookeeper folder
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 794542 Apr 1 2017 zookeeper-3.4.6.2.6.0.3-8.jar
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Mar 28 ...
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0answers
50 views
Some questions about Hard-links, and backups
Recently I accidentally whipped out a directory with important stuff, and now I'm starting to think about the best ways to have backups, a remote copy It's already in place but I was thinking, about
...
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votes
1answer
112 views
hard-link inode behaviour
bash: ~/Desktop $ mkdir DIR
bash: ~/Desktop $ cd DIR
bash: ~/Desktop/DIR $ echo 000_111 > fileA
bash: ~/Desktop/DIR $ ln fileA fileB
bash: ~/Desktop/DIR $ cat fileA fileB
000_111
...
0
votes
1answer
228 views
df du hardlinks and space reclaimation
I am really confused on how to build an understanding around hardlinks.
I work with a DB hosted on Linux. The Db in order to take backups creates hardlinks to data files in a different directory.
...
-1
votes
1answer
460 views
Send program's serial output to pseudo-terminal used by serial sniffer such as jpnevulator [duplicate]
I am running an application that communicates through a real serial port e.g. /dev/ttyS0 to a remote device. I can configure this application to use /dev/ttyS0, /dev/ttyS1, etc., by passing the ...
1
vote
2answers
82 views
How many times is the disk accessed?
This is regarding generic UFS.
From what I understand when an absolute path is given (eg: /home/userU/file.txt) the disk is accessed for each directory and the file. Hence in this case the disk is ...
3
votes
1answer
1k views
How do hard links, symbolic links, and ACL folder permissions interact?
This one was a bit tricky for me to realize, but I came across a very weird behavior involving ACL extended file permissions and hard/symbolic links. I'll do my best to keep my question short and to ...
2
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0answers
100 views
HFS+ on fedora, many broken directory hard link [closed]
There is a hard disk. In one directory there are around 1000 directories, and every each one hard linked to other location in the same hard. the problem is that in fedora 35 of them I could open, the ...
11
votes
3answers
9k views
Why I can't create a hard link from device file in other than /dev directory?
When I wanted to create a hard link in my /home directory in root mode, Linux showed the following error message:
ln: failed to create hard link ‘my_sdb’ => ‘/dev/sda1’: Invalid cross-device link
...
1
vote
1answer
281 views
Create hard link if possible, else use symlink
I am trying to write a shell script to create link for file from my dotfiles repo to my home folder.
I want to use hard link if possible because it cannot be broken when moving it to somewhere in ...
0
votes
2answers
136 views
Why are there lots of hard links in /usr [closed]
I've read this link, now I simply want to know why there are lots of hard link in /usr.
For example, in my Ubuntu server, installed git, I found the command git here: /usr/bin/git. I execute ls -l /...
1
vote
1answer
298 views
Linux - Directory with zero link count (Rancher container)
I have a permission error in a Rancher container's shell when accessing certain directory, but the permissions are correctly set. Then I noticed that the link count for said directory is zero, as ...
2
votes
0answers
813 views
Incremental backups - rsync with hard links, or rsync to zfs with snapshots?
I need to set up a backup server to pull data from on-site linux servers. The server will be running Ubuntu 16.04.
A requirement is to be able to access backups of files which have been subsequently ...
1
vote
0answers
934 views
Is /usr/bin/bash the same as /bin/bash (CentOS 7) [duplicate]
Are /usr/bin/bash and /bin/bash the same thing? They seem to have the same inode number and attributes:
[vagrant@tmp-ansible-test-vm ip_lookup]$ ls -il /bin/bash /usr/bin/bash
1574356 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 ...
2
votes
1answer
218 views
Paths in ln with hard links and soft links
How does the relative paths work in ln (-s or not)? For example if I type ln -s foo bar/banana.txt what does this mean? What is foo relative to? Because it doesn't seem to be relative to the current ...
0
votes
1answer
295 views
pax command for incremental backup with hard links similar to rsync
I discovered the pax command recently, and was amazed at how efficient it is when copying locally from one SSD to another, for instance.
For local backup, I'm contemplating replacing a rsync ...
5
votes
2answers
394 views
Calling a function by a second name (homework)
I'm writing a function called restore that will copy a file from a backup directory to the current directory. I now need to create a hard link to restore so that it can be called as purge. How would I ...
18
votes
2answers
4k views
cp behaves weirdly when . (dot) or .. (dot dot) are the source directory
This answer reveals that one can copy all files - including hidden ones - from directory src into directory dest like so:
mkdir dest
cp -r src/. dest
There is no explanation in the answer or its ...
2
votes
1answer
549 views
Simulating a hard-link to a directory [duplicate]
I have a kind of problem. I am trying to hard-link all my dotfiles [files that customize certain apps] in one folder for ease of use, called ~/dotfiles/ , but multiple programs that I have, have ...
0
votes
2answers
2k views
Rm hardlink without removing file/directory itself
Say I create a hardlink with ln x y.
Is there a way to remove the link at y without removing the file at x, after I create the link? It looks like I did a rm -rf on y and it deleted x as well, would ...
