Questions tagged [filesystems]
A filesystem is a way to organize and store computer files with their data.
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How to build a UBIFS image to make use of the remaining space of MTD?
I am working on an embedded Linux system (kernel-5.24) and the development host is running WSL2 in Windows.
There is a NAND FLASH of 128MB in the embedded system (PEB is 128KiB, page size is 4096 ...
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File size inconsistency under Linux [duplicate]
I am writing a small program to test BadgerDB, and list the directory contents of in bash:
... ...
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fxr fxr 2147483646 9月 27 22:17 000027.vlog
-rw-rw-r-- 1 fxr fxr 1687 9月 27 22:16 ...
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"structure needs cleaning", hardware failure?
The drive that my /home folder lives on is showing signs of failing,
and I'm trying to migrate to a new drive.
I purchased a 4TB SSD, formatted it with ext4, mounted it as an external drive with a ...
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Any operations with file system takes forever
I'm using Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. Unexpectedly for me all operations with the file system stopped working. I tried ls /, df and nautilus - all of this command takes forever to execute. What happened to my ...
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EOVERFLOW when opening any file for writing
I'm writing a custom container engine. When I attempt to open any file for writing somewhere in the container (as long as that place is writeable, permissions-wise), I get an EOVERFLOW error (Value ...
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In Linux how to find if a file was read and at what time
Is there a tool or command where we can see if a file was read and at what time? I would only find for last modified.
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How do I get the number of hardlinks of a folder?
I am on Mac. However, I use gstat (GNU stat) so my understanding is that behavior should match linux.
I cd to a folder. Then I use gstat --format=%h .. The output is 65.
Next, I use gfind . -maxdepth ...
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Why can't hard links reference files on other filesystems?
I'm aware that this article exists:
Why are hard links only valid within the same filesystem?
But it unfortunately didn't click with me.
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ext4/...
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"Bad Jump in FAT partition" and "Bad number of sectors per cluster" right before ext4 offset
TL;DR partition table (?) potentially messed up by windows disk management on drive containing both NTFS data partition and EXT4 filesystem. Fairly certain zero or almost zero data was lost. testdisk ...
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Question on tuning file system cache in Linux UBIFS on MTD
I am working on an embedded Linux system, where kernel is 5.10.24, and UBIFS on MTD is used.
The testing team had a test, which writes a disk file (open, write, close in order), then powers system off....
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Is there a "reverse COW" filesystem or LVM feature for Linux?
Is there any sort of filesystem or volume manager on Linux that supports COW snapshots, but instead of writing out new blocks for a new snapshot, it copies the old, unchanged blocks and does an in-...
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Issue with open syscall in /tmp folder with uid 0 [duplicate]
I have conducted a small test which raised an issue i could not figure out.
Create file in /tmp named what as shell user (uid 1000), then make it 0666 (rw-rw-rw-)
Try to call open with uid 0 (root) ...
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Is there a standard way of making a copy of file/folder permissions to apply/compare later?
I'm copying a bunch of files to a filesystem that doesn't support permissions. however, I will need to copy them to another filesystem which does support permissions a few years from now. at that ...
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Are there any filesystems with builtin data repairing via checksums?
I've read that ZFS/BtrFS have a checksum check, but they don't use it for data recovery, only for recovering data from a full local copy or a mirror copy.
On the other hand, RAR archives support data ...
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Unix-esque partial-file-locking mechanism
Linux and AFAIK most unixes expose the flock syscall for mandatory file-locking. My experience is admittedly limited with this, however am informed that it is kernel-enforced on the entire resource. ...
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Splitting disk writes between two filesystems based on file extension
Background
I am running a proprietary video & audio management application. It reads & writes large multimedia files but also uses a home-grown "database" for metadata. The database ...
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Why does this use of `cp -a` not preserve creation time?
I copy some directories with -a in order to preserve=all which I understood would include creation times:
cp -a ./* /mnt/destination/
When inspecting the resulting directories in the destination they ...
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How to reclaim SSD space during formating
I've got a "1000GB SSD"
after creating partition (aligned to 2048) I'm down to
sdd 8:48 0 931.5G 0 disk
└─sdd1 8:49 0 931.5G 0 part
which is fine, because 1GB means 1000bytes ...
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git: track files on mounted filesystem
I have a disk image file, and I mount it in directory loop/:
mount disk.img -o loop loop/
I need to track some config files with git, on that mounted filesystem.
Now when I initialize git repository, ...
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How to free memory in root file system
I have a lap top that has had Arch Linux installed for approximately two years. Yesterday, when conducting a daily update via the command sudo pacman -Syu I recieved the warning the volume Filesystem ...
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Unmount root from /boot partition? trying to fstransform /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
I am trying to transform /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root from xfs to ext4 using fstransform on my CentOS 7 VM. This is needed for a migration from another Centos 7 VM. The issue I am facing is the root ...
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How can I solve my strange no space left on device on fedora?
I run a fedora 38 system on virtual box (7.0). Now I have a "no space left on device" problem.
# dnf list *docker*
Fedora 38 - x86_64 - Updates ...
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Linux Filesystem: Automatic/Continuous disk usage accounting
I am interested in having a Linux filesystem which does automatic/continuous accounting of disk usage (e.g. tracks the size of all files and directories so that tools like du return quickly).
The ...
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How can I know if a file system was cleanly unmounted?
I know, fsck.ext4 -p /dev/whatever, right? That seemed to be the answer, but then I read that journaling covers a multitude of sins, and the result from fsck will just tell you that there isn't a ...
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the relation of /opt /etc/opt and /var/opt
I am reading the Linux Filesystem Hierarchy Standard, and I am wondering about the relation of /opt, /etc/opt and /var/opt.
I can read in 2 places that static configuration and variable data for an ...
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Not Enough Space in /ROOT Partition [duplicate]
I need help locating the specific file that has filled my root partition and the cause of inconsistent file storage usage.
this is the output of my df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted ...
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Examine disk usage of file tree, accounting for reflinks on Btrfs [duplicate]
Calculation of disk usage through du entails maintaining a set of all inodes represented by files under the tree, such that hard links will be counted only once with respect to total disk usage.
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How to run mkfs on a BD-RE in linux
~ # mkfs.btrfs /dev/sr0
btrfs-progs v6.3.3
See https://btrfs.readthedocs.io for more information.
ERROR: '/dev/sr0' is too small to make a usable filesystem
ERROR: minimum size for each btrfs device ...
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'wipefs' man page doesn't make sense
The wipefs man page says that:
-f, --force
Force erasure, even if the filesystem is mounted. This is required in order to erase a partition-table signature on a block device.
So this means that ...
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Why GNOME doesn't unmount a directory that I manually unmounted in the terminal
Background
I'm trying to manually unmount a file system that has been automatically mounted by the system. I don't get any error messages when umount /dev/user/myusbstick, but when I go and check the ...
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Is btrfs balance recursive?
I run btrfs balance on a daily basis thanks to a systemd service+timer to try to keep my filesystem healthy over time (is it even a good idea?). The command I use is as follow:
btrfs balance start -...
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btrfs receive to <mount-point>/?
Suppose I have a BTRFS filesystem A with a read-only subvolume at <mount-point-A>/snaps/good-one. I want to create a BTRFS filesystem B (could be on the same or another machine) which will ...
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Safest way to clone OS disk besides dd and Clonezilla
I would like to clone my OS drive, to a same/larger disk. And I will do this periodically.
On Windows I use AOEMI Partition Assistant to clone disks. The GUI is very good and idiot-proof. However, ...
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How to create ramfs on Arch Linux
I have 24 GB RAM and a 8 GB swapfile. I know that under Arch Linux there's /dev/shm that uses tmpfs but I want to create a ramfs mount point because I want a place where I can temporary store ...
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Invisible Directory [duplicate]
My system is a MacOS Monterey. I have accidentally created an invisible directory in my conda environments folder. The directory is not visible even with ls -a. I can list the directory with the ...
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Linux Mint File Manager Not Recognizing USB Drive After Formatting
I reformatted a USB disk that I used to install Linux Mint 21 XFCE. After reformatting, the disk does not appear in Nemo or Nautilus. It does appear in the disks manager software, in lsusb, and in ...
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HDD not mounting
I had a small PC which was booting via USB, OS was on the USB, plus a data SATA SSD and an external USB HDD. Debian 11 is the OS.
I recently installed an M.2 drive and cloned, using Clonezilla, the ...
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Reading directory contents without "x" execute bit set
I have removed "x" execute permission and write permission for others on a directory
/u/permtst/test/bits/. This directory details are user: permtst and group: permtst.
permtst@localhost(nyc)...
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How create isolated ext4 filesystem on file
There is a 25G /dev/sda6 ext4 partition mounted on /data. I'm trying to make a fixed size filesystem on a file using fallocate, mkfs.ext4, mount:
fallocate -l 5G /data/new_storage
mkfs.ext4 -E ...
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What happens behind the file system when moving the source of a loop drive into its mountpoint?
I moved the source of a loop drive into its mountpoint and umount it. Then the source disappeared.
Note that after moving the source to its mountpoint (or other location), the source was shown as ...
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Why does LVM not provide the function of recursive creation?
I tries to recursively create LVM on LVM but it seemed unable to provide this function. The way I did is like:
Firstly, I created a physical volume and a volume group on a physical device by
$ ...
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Selectively exclude paths or filesystems from Linux disk read cache
The Linux kernel uses unused RAM for disk read caching. This is generally a good idea. But is there a mechanism to selectively exclude certain paths or mounted filesystems from this cache?
ZFS for ...
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Is building the Linux kernel on a case-insensitive filesystem possible?
Linux kernel source has some overlapping filenames which would collapse when put on a case insensitive filesystem. Here is the list as of 6.4.7:
in include/uapi/linux/netfilter/:
xt_CONNMARK.h and ...
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Keeping remote file system connected with disconnects and roaming IP changes
I have a Linux laptop system set up to connect to a remote file system on a dedicated host. I'm using sshfs at the moment.
When I suspend the laptop or connect to a different network, the ssh ...
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XFS version 4 vs 5 (RHEL 7 to 8)
In RHEL 7.9 I formatted my large /data volume with XFS 4.5.
In RHEL 8.8 XFS is version 5.0.
XFS v5 in RHEL 8 can mount an XFS v4 file system created by RHEL 7.9, however RHEL 7.9 cannot mount an XFS ...
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How to add a Logical Volume (LV) for /var/tmp?
I've got one physical volume and one volume group:
/dev/mapper/nvme0n1p3_crypt
VG Name ced-vg
I've got five logical volumes:
/dev/ced-vg/root
/dev/ced-vg/var
/dev/ced-vg/swap_1
/dev/ced-vg/tmp
/dev/...
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Why hf -h returns correct total disk space but hf default returns incorrect number of 1024 blocks?
I was testing hf command on VirtualBox VM, Lubuntu with exactly 30 Gb allocated virtual drive (note: real Gb not gibi/mebi stuff). But some very strange stuff happens when I use hf command:
root@vbox:~...
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What is `~sys`? It lists the content of `/dev`
In bash, when I type cd ~sys anywhere, I end up in /dev. In zsh it stays as ~sys in the prompt but contains /dev
I've checked on Kubuntu 22.04, Ubuntu 20.04, Raspbian 9.13.
Googling does not yield any ...
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Why can't Darktable see my image folder?
I recently added a new SSD hard drive to my machine (the specs of the machine are here to use for my photography. I mapped the hard drive (this is on ubuntu) to the /archive folder and everything has ...
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Minimalistic ext4 filesystem without journal and other advanced features
I have a small "rescue" system (16 MB) that I boot into RAM as ramdisk. The initrd disk that I am preparing needs to be formatted. I think ext4 will do fine, but obviously, it doesn't make ...