Questions tagged [debian]
Questions specific to the Debian official distribution (stable, testing, or unstable); if you are using a derivative of Debian (e.g. Mint, Ubuntu, Kali, etc), then use that distribution’s tag instead.
1,556
questions
16
votes
3
answers
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Automatically Login on Debian 9.2.1 Command Line
I just installed Debian 9.2.1 on an old laptop as a cheap server. The computer is not physically accessed by anyone other than myself, so I would like to automatically login upon startup so that if I ...
- 163
10
votes
2
answers
4k
views
SSH tunnel through middleman server - how to connect in one step (using key pair)?
My question is basically how to turn my existing two steps into one step.
I have a working SSH tunnel set up between two computers using a middleman server like this:
Kubuntu_laptop--->nat_fw---&...
- 16.7k
10
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Is there a command that outputs ONLY the packages explicitly installed by the user? (ubuntu/debian)
I have tried searching for this but there seems to be no command that can output a list of packages (ideally in Ubuntu) that I have installed, not including any dependencies.
- 455
7
votes
3
answers
13k
views
Automount USB drives with no GUI requirement (halevt replacement)
For minimal installations of Debian, I have been using halevt to enable automounting of USB drives. Halevt is reliable and requires no configuration aside from installing the package. Now, halevt has ...
- 685
5
votes
3
answers
3k
views
Method for acting on IP address change from the ISP?
I have a Debian server at home. The server is my router and provides VPN access to the outside.
I do not have a static IP address; the lease time given by the ISP is two hours.
This cable cell which ...
- 55.1k
1
vote
3
answers
9k
views
startx autologin does not run in /etc/inittab in after Debian Jessie update
I installed a minimal Debian system (stable) without GUI, switched to testing/jessie to be able to get the Cinnamon desktop, but X didn't start on boot. If I log in as myself at the CLI, I can type ...
- 169
94
votes
4
answers
171k
views
Purpose and typical usage of /etc/rc.local
The header looks like this:
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local - executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel
#
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
What is ...
- 6,653
84
votes
5
answers
121k
views
Set systemd service to execute after fstab mount
I'm working on a systemd .service script that is supposed to start after a CIFS network location is mounted via /etc/fstab to /mnt/ on boot-up.
The script waits for an OpenVPN dependency script to ...
- 1,571
73
votes
6
answers
129k
views
How to safely turn off swap permanently and reclaim the space? (on Debian Jessie)
I installed Debian Jessie with default partitioning on my SSD drive. My current disk partitioning looks like this:
As I have 16GB of RAM, I assume I don't need swap. But since I have other disk ...
- 26k
62
votes
8
answers
260k
views
Why can't I run GUI apps as root: "No protocol specified"?
I installed Debian onto my machine last night. Now, I don't understand why I can't run GUI apps from a terminal when running as root.
For example:
sudo -i
glxgears
Generates the following output:
No ...
- 2,469
53
votes
9
answers
61k
views
How to create a DEB file manually?
I want to create a DEB file manually. I would like to just provide a folder which contains data to install, and a script to be executed after installation.
Is this possible?
- 52.7k
23
votes
5
answers
56k
views
How to install GCC 5 on debian jessie 8.1
I tried many solutions to install update for my gcc compiler on debian server. None of them worked. I need the compiler update to use new features of c++11, as this provides a stable libcxx11 ABI, and ...
- 331
21
votes
1
answer
45k
views
How to install some packages from "unstable" Debian on a computer running "stable" Debian?
On a computer running "stable" Debian, when trying to install a package which is in the unstable list on the Debian web site using the aptitude install <package>/unstable command, I get output ...
- 423
14
votes
4
answers
41k
views
How to create a Debian live USB with persistence?
I would like to use Debian wherever I go by installing it on a USB flash drive, but I'm not sure how to make it save the settings and be able to install/update packages without loosing them on reboots....
- 1,043
11
votes
1
answer
30k
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How to upgrade the Debian 10 kernel from backports without recompiling it from scratch
I'm running Debian 10 on an i9-9900k on a Gigabyte Aorus Pro motherboard (using the integrated Intel graphics chipset) and an nVIDIA RTX 2080Ti graphics card. I have two monitors. I want to have ...
- 491
8
votes
2
answers
9k
views
Debian 9, APT, and "GPG error: ... InRelease: The following signatures were invalid:"
I publish a Debian repository. It was signed with a 4096-bit GPG key, and has been merrily in use from Debian 7 and Debian 8 systems for some time. Recently, one of my users reported that Debian 9 ...
- 65.1k
7
votes
2
answers
10k
views
Installing Debian on Kaby Lake machine: difficulties with X.org
I just recently bought a new PC, and I am unable to install debian system proprerly. Now I will provide you in most detailed way my configuration and status:
PC:
CPU: i7 7700K (Kaby Lake with Intel ...
- 255
4
votes
2
answers
5k
views
Understanding Debian dpkg package version numbers [duplicate]
When I type dpkg -l | grep xserver-xorg, I get a list of installed packages and their versions:
ii xserver-xorg 1:7.7+3~deb7u1
ii xserver-xorg-core 2:1.12.4-6
ii xserver-xorg-...
- 3,833
4
votes
1
answer
581
views
Invisible prompt after global redirection of stderr to /dev/null
Studying TLDP's Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide I am unable to reconstruct the following shell output in bash 4.4.12 in debian 9, both from tty and pts:
bash$ lsof -a -p $$ -d0,1,2
COMMAND PID USER ...
- 361
102
votes
5
answers
287k
views
Installing a .deb package on Arch - Is it possible?
The problem is simple - I have a .deb package and I want to install it on my Arch Linux. Is this possible? If yes, how?
- 1,123
89
votes
14
answers
177k
views
How to unload kernel module 'nvidia-drm'?
I'm trying to install the most up-to-date NVIDIA driver in Debian Stretch. I've downloaded NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-390.48.run from here, but when I try to do
sudo sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-390.48.run
as ...
- 1,702
85
votes
6
answers
164k
views
Why do iptables rules disappear when restarting my Debian system?
I add this rule:
sudo iptables -t nat -A OUTPUT -d a.b.c.d -p tcp \
--dport 1723 -j DNAT --to-destination a.b.c.d:10000
When restart computer rules are deleted. Why?
What I can do to make the ...
- 3,415
56
votes
1
answer
18k
views
What is $debian_chroot in .bashrc?
What is the debian_chroot variable in my .bashrc file? and what is it doing here?
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
- 12.7k
56
votes
1
answer
164k
views
Debian: The repository does not have a Release file
Whenever trying to install some programs from source, or specifically running apt update, I receive this message:
E: The repository 'http://ftp.ca.debian.org/debian stretch/updates Release' does not ...
user77647
54
votes
4
answers
152k
views
How to install VirtualBox Guest Additions in a Debian virtual machine
I have been struggling to install VirtualBox Guest Additions in a Debian Virtual Machine (Debian 7, Debian 8 and Debian 9).
- 1,952
50
votes
1
answer
67k
views
Why is sudo not installed by default in Debian?
I was reading a guide to install some software and came reading until this shocking statement:
sudo is not installed on Debian by default. Make sure your system is up-to-date and install it.
As ...
- 35k
45
votes
3
answers
5k
views
Why do previous versions of Debian packages vanish in the package repositories? (highly relevant for version-controlled system configuration)
Scenario: In version controlled system configuration based on Puppet, Chef etc., it is required to reproduce a certain system state. This is done by explicitly specifying system package versions.
...
- 573
45
votes
3
answers
12k
views
OOM killer doesn't work properly, leads to a frozen OS
For years, the OOM killer of my operating system doesn't work properly and leads to a frozen system.
When the memory usage is very high, the whole system tends to "freeze" (in fact: becoming extremely ...
- 728
44
votes
2
answers
68k
views
How to get back from "testing" to "stable" - Kernel downgrade
currently I am having lot's of fun with apt-get - and the bad thing is, it was my own fault. I had enabled the testing packages in /etc/apt/sources.list to install a certain package. And I told my ...
- 623
37
votes
4
answers
81k
views
locale not found/setting locale failed - what should I do?
I've installed Debian 7 i386 on my VPS (OpenVZ). Everything works fine, except locales - any attempt to install anything shows:
[...]
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check ...
- 545
28
votes
8
answers
130k
views
How to clean up unnecessary files
Please suggest me any particular unnecessary file that I can clean to back everything to normal condition(temporarily). (i.e. any log or archieve or anything ). My var/log has only 40MB and Home ...
- 739
22
votes
3
answers
41k
views
How to stop MAC address from changing after disconnecting?
I changed my MAC address with macchanger -A wlp68s0b1 at boot with crontab,
Here is what happens when I disconnect and reconnect:
While connecting after boot:
rahman@debian:~$ macchanger -s wlp68s0b1
...
- 493
21
votes
3
answers
41k
views
Debian - how to run a script on startup as soon as there is an internet connection ready for use?
I am running Debian 7 Wheezy and I need to start some screens on startup as soon as there is a fully functional internet connection. However, not, if the internet connection broke and was connected ...
20
votes
3
answers
106k
views
How do I configure a network interface bridge from WiFi to Ethernet with Debian?
I am using Raspberry Pi using Raspbian which is just Debian.
I would like to bridge from the primary WiFi network router that connects to Cox Cable to my cabled router here for my subnet to have ...
- 1,669
19
votes
3
answers
62k
views
Two interfaces, two addresses, two gateways?
I have a system that has two network interfaces with different IP adresses, both of which are in the public address range (albeit via NAT in the case of the first one) and both of which have different ...
- 30.2k
18
votes
1
answer
17k
views
How to launch an application with default "terminal emulator" on Ubuntu?
I wanted to execute some command in terminal emulator, like Konsole, but I need to make this cross-desktop.
Is there some command like xdg-open, but for getting the default terminal emulator?
I'm ...
- 52.7k
16
votes
1
answer
4k
views
What happens when I press "Shut Down" from the GUI?
I have been banging my head against this for quite a while now. It's related to this question. I would like to find out exactly what happens when I choose to shut down my Linux box from the GUI. This ...
- 38.4k
16
votes
2
answers
131k
views
What is the best way to add a permanent route?
I need to add a route that won't be deleted after reboot. I read these two ways of doing it :
Add ip route add -net 172.X.X.0/24 gw 172.X.X.X dev ethX to the file /etc/network/interfaces
or
...
- 1,245
15
votes
2
answers
6k
views
How do I look at the source code for a command? [closed]
I suddenly decided I'd like to look at the source code for 'echo'
$ which echo
/usr/bin/echo
so
$ ls -al /usr/bin/echo
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 32536 Oct 31 2016 /usr/bin/echo
so
$strings /usr/...
12
votes
4
answers
16k
views
Why is the US international keyboard layout on Debian different?
Edit: I realized that the "problem" was not only in Ubuntu but in Debian itself and Ubuntu just inherited it, so I had this migrated from Ask Ubuntu
I have been using Linux on and off for 10 years, ...
- 2,465
10
votes
5
answers
31k
views
Automounting USB sticks on Debian
I'm running Debian Squeeze on a plug computer (so SSH only, no GUI) and what I'm trying to do is get it so that when a USB stick is plugged in, it gets automatically mounted.
What I've done is ...
- 219
10
votes
2
answers
3k
views
31 Debian CDs -- Why? and which do I need for a vanilla desktop install?
I've been using Linux (Ubuntu) for a couple of months now, and I want to try Debian to see how different it is.
Well, I've already found a couple of differences..
The first one that Debian-Live ...
- 32k
5
votes
2
answers
4k
views
Is there a way to get security updates for wheezy after EOL
I know the best solution would be to upgrade the server after Debian wheezy has reached End Of LIfe in May 2018, but is there a way to continue running an old wheezy instance and get some minimal ...
- 26.9k
5
votes
1
answer
10k
views
Configure BIND as Forwarder only (no root hints), encrypted + RPZ blacklist / whitelist all together
My setup is getting more complex, generally I tend to divide things in pieces and assemble them together by myself. But it seems this time I need more help to get the whole gears working together. ...
- 2,604
4
votes
1
answer
11k
views
Problems with pulseaudio - pavucontrol and pacmd not connecting to pulseaudio
I'm running Debian Jessie (8.3) with the following pulseaudio packages. As far as I know all sound related stuff (including pulseaudio) corresponds to the default Jessie packages. I have not ...
- 34.2k
4
votes
2
answers
38k
views
Failed to get D-Bus connection: No such file or directory. $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set. libpam-systemd installed
I installed Yunohost on a LIME2 like I did with my Pi3 and now I have the same error as two months (see "Cannot enable user service. “Failed to get D-Bus connection: Connection refused” Support"), ...
- 1,890
4
votes
1
answer
34k
views
A start job is running for dev-disk by \x2duuid : error take 1min 30s to boot Debian
I have multiboot Debian with others Unix/linux distro. During the boot process ,i get the following error:
A start job is running for dev-disk by \x2duuid-.....1min:30 s
Dependencies failed for swap
...
- 61.5k
0
votes
1
answer
591
views
Getting rid of a serial console on Respeaker Core V2
I have a Respeaker Core v2.0 and I would like to use the UART interface (this board has a USB to TTL adapter connected to the Uart port) in order to make this board communicate with another one.
...
- 2,240
0
votes
2
answers
6k
views
rc.local Not working Debian 8
I'm trying to start a Shell Script on boot/startup
I tried to edit the /etc/rc.local file, but it didn't work
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser ...
- 1
155
votes
6
answers
253k
views
How can I communicate with a Unix domain socket via the shell on Debian Squeeze?
I’m running a Debian Squeeze web server. I’ve installed memcached on it, and configured memcached to listen on a Unix domain socket (at /tmp/memcached.sock), as it only needs to receive messages from ...
- 3,487