When I trying to boot Linux (Debian 10) through rEFInd it boots in initramfs shell. It cannot find the root. But when I edit cmdline boot option by F2 and setting root manually (root=dev/sda5) it boots just fine.
The source of problem was Windows. After I connected old malfunctioning HDD through SATA to PC, copied files from it and tried to shutdown PC Windows 8.1 displayed some error related to NTFS failure. And it rebooted and started "repairing" and overwritten rEFInd.
I booted from Debian livecd to chroot installed system and reinstalled rEFInd.
I tried update-initramfs, but it didn't work