Copy multiple files in multiple folders into one

Question

How may I copy multiple files in multiple folders into one folder and change their names according to what directory they are copied from?

Initial directory hierarchy:

folder1/
    file1.gz
    filexyz.gz

folder2/
    file1.gz
    filexyz.gz

folder3/
    file1.gz
    filexyz.gz

Result:

folder1_file1.gz
folder2_file1.gz
folder3_file1.gz
folder1_filexyz.gz
folder2_filexyz.gz
folder3_filexyz.gz

Answer 1

Using a simple shell loop, assuming the files should be copied to the directory given by the value $destdir:

for pathname in */*.gz; do
    cp -i -- "$pathname" "$destdir/$( dirname -- "$pathname" )_$( basename -- "$pathname" )"
done

Answer 2

Something like this?

#!/bin/bash -ex
DESTDIR="PATH/TO/FINAL/DESTINATION/DIRECTORY"
for DIRS in /PATH/TO/YOUR/DIRECTORIES/*/;
do
    for FLES in $DIRS*.gz;
    do
        cp $FLES $DESTDIR/$(echo $(basename $DIRS)"_"$(basename $FLES))
    done
done

Edit: I've bothered to add no explanations to the code because the OP hasn't bothered to show that they've attempted to solve the problem themselves (if at all). But assistance should be rendered all the same, hence my post.

Answer 3

Try this,

  find folder[1-3] -type f -name '*.gz' | while read -r FILE; do cp "$FILE" "${FILE//\//_}"; done

• folder[1-3] source location.
• -type f search only for files.
• -name '*.gz' filename suffix with .gz.
• ${FILE//\//_} replace '/' with underscore.

Answer 4

With prename/rename (aka Larry Wall's Perl-rename)(rename on Debian/Ubuntu, prename on RHEL/CentOS, IIRC):

In the parent of folder1, folder2, folder3:

rename -n s:/:_: */*

-n is the "dry run" parameter, replace by "-v" or remove if the renaming looks good.