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I have bought additional disk space for my VPS, which is running Ubuntu 16.04. enter image description here

to add the unallocated space to the root partition, I do think I have to boot the system by a live media to be able to add the unallocated space to the extended partition. If this is way I have to pass, How is it possible to boot this system by a live Ubuntu while my only access to it is just an ssh connection?

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  • You don't necessarily have to. growpart is your friend, aswell as resize2fs. See askubuntu.com/a/937351/672946 – Panki Aug 26 '19 at 11:30
  • Thank you so much, The "sudo growpart /dev/sda 2" which means Extend partition 2 in /dev/sda to fill empty space until end of disk or next partitiong included the unallocated partition to extended partition, so now on am able to resize it by Gparted – hosh0425 Aug 26 '19 at 11:47
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Panki's idea is right; growpart can stretch your ext4 partition to fit the contiguous space available without your physical presence or a reboot from installation media.

First, run sudo growpart --help to confirm you have it already; if you don't then run sudo apt install cloud-utils.

However, please back up your data and configuration first! Use your normal backup method for the data; for the partition table, use sfdisk {drive} {partition}, a lá: sfdisk -d /dev/sda2 > partition_bak.dmp before you run sudo growpart /dev/sda 2 and resize2fs /dev/sda2 to first enlarge the partition, then the filesystem.

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