Command in Linux to perform opposite of egrep?

Question

I want to find which of the patterns or words are not present in file. Example :

test.txt

marco 
polo
charlie 
anthony
john

egrep 'marco|polo' test.txt will output marco and polo

But I want a command to output the word if its not present in file:

Ex : egrep 'cindrella|daniel|polo' test.txt should output cindrella and daniel and not polo.

Answer 1

you want reverse greping.

printf "%s\n" cindrella daniel polo | grep -v -f test.txt
cindrella
daniel

where

• -v is reverse option
• -f test.txt take input list from test.txt

Answer 2

You can echo the name if grep doesn't match:

$ for i in cindrella daniel polo; do grep -q "$i" test.txt || echo "$i"; done
cindrella
daniel

-q quiet mode, exits after any match is found