Install nmap for whatever flavour of Linux you are on.
Then perform:
nmap -sP xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/nn
Where xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/nn is your IP and subnet mask bits. For example, if you were on 192.168.1.0 network with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 you would do:
nmap -sP 192.168.1.0/24
Nmap will ping scan all IPs and try to resolve their hostnames for you.
For example, on my local LAN I see:
nmap -sP 192.168.169.0/24
Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2019-02-23 20:23 CST
Nmap scan report for _gateway (192.168.169.1)
Host is up (0.00026s latency).
Nmap scan report for grid (192.168.169.6)
Host is up (0.00026s latency).
Nmap scan report for anode (192.168.169.8)
Host is up (0.000048s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.100
Host is up (0.0027s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.101
Host is up (0.049s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.102
Host is up (0.092s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.104
Host is up (0.012s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.106
Host is up (0.055s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.107
Host is up (0.12s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.109
Host is up (0.00095s latency).
Nmap scan report for 192.168.169.250
Host is up (0.0024s latency).
Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (11 hosts up) scanned in 3.79 seconds
The hosts with no names are dhcp and do not get hostnames. The others are in DNS, and so they have hostnames.
Similarly, arp-scan should give you the mac address. Again, install arp-scan for your distribution, then do:
arp-scan 192.168.1.0/24
Assuming again you are on the same LAN as the example above. If you have a non-standard interface, you may specify it with the -I switch:
arp-scan -I enp4s2 192.168.1.0/24
Note that on most distros, you will need to be root for this, so (again, example on my local LAN):
sudo arp-scan 192.168.169.0/24
This discovered all of my nodes:
Interface: enp5s0, datalink type: EN10MB (Ethernet)
Starting arp-scan 1.9 with 256 hosts (http://www.nta-monitor.com/tools/arp-scan/)
192.168.169.6 74:d4:35:85:e0:44 GIGA-BYTE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.
192.168.169.1 f4:f2:6d:70:16:c2 (Unknown)
192.168.169.100 6c:70:9f:d0:ff:1a (Unknown)
192.168.169.101 10:9a:dd:80:f4:93 Apple, Inc.
192.168.169.104 08:02:8e:8e:a0:f6 (Unknown)
192.168.169.111 00:1c:c0:6e:f4:ec Intel Corporate
192.168.169.106 fc:c2:de:4c:58:48 (Unknown)
192.168.169.102 b4:f6:1c:f2:f9:52 (Unknown)
192.168.169.103 dc:68:eb:5b:aa:c8 (Unknown)
192.168.169.250 00:01:e6:a2:3f:17 Hewlett-Packard Company
192.168.169.107 68:37:e9:d7:39:0b (Unknown)
192.168.169.105 08:d4:6a:d1:df:5e (Unknown)
13 packets received by filter, 0 packets dropped by kernel
Ending arp-scan 1.9: 256 hosts scanned in 2.438 seconds (105.00 hosts/sec). 13 responded