I know this is old but I have been having similar issues with installing Linux one of these old HP Pavilion Dv6 laptops. Not sure this is a fix but more a workaround as I still haven't found the answer to solve the actual issue. I have found that certain distros work and others don't. Also some distro versions work other versions don't. I used rufus 4.1.2045 to write all of these to the same USB.
Not Working:
- Fedora 36, 37, 38
- Nobara 37 Official and Gnome
- Garuda-gnome-linux-zen-230501
- Ubuntu 22.04.2 (I tried gnome, dde, and kde flavors)
Working:
- Fedora 30, 35
- Ubuntu 20.04.6
- UbuntuDDE 20.04.1
- XeroLinux-2023.05-x86_64
- NixOS Gnome 23.05.1272
- LinuxMint 21.1 Cinnamon
Mint was the first I tried and installed it fully out of the box, I used it for a week doing simple things like browse, play chess with arena/stockfish as well as stream to a tv using the HDMI
Ubuntu was installed next. I was able to upgrade to the current build with no issues. Used it for the same tasks although I never hooked it up to tv via the HDMI.
I tired NixOS next and it was a fun experience. It felt snappy but didn't do much with it tbh.
I tried Fedora next but it was just not very responsive and was worse than Mint. I was able to upgrade to 38 without issues. Even after a few performance tweaks it was just slow on this dv6
Ubuntu DDE was only ran in a live environment but never installed. I was just wanting to test DDE and didn't want to install it to the fedora build I currently had installed.
I also tried but never installed XeroLinux. It was surprisingly fast, I was not expecting it to be that responsive. It was beautiful but wasn't for me.
I think I am going to go back to NixOS on this machine which has only an i3 and 4gb ram.
TL;DR
Try older builds of the distro you want to use and then upgrade after installed. If anyone has an actual solution please let me know I was hoping to play around with Nobara on this machine.