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I freshly installed Linux Mint 18.3 on my laptop. Mint 18.3 ships with default Python version 3.5.2. Since, I need to work in Python3.6.3, I grabbed a tar ball from Python.org and installed it with following commands:

$ cd Python3.6.3
./configure
make
make test
sudo make install

Then in terminal when I type python3, it gives following output:

linuxsagar@Satellite-P755 ~ $ python3
Python 3.6.3 (default, Jan 21 2018, 19:33:32) 
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

Which is totally fine. Then I installed pip.

$ sudo apt install python3-pip

I expect that pip is installed for python3.6.3, but while executing pip3 -V it gives:

pip 8.1.1 from /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (python 3.5)

How do I install pip only for python3.6.3?

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I very much doubt that Mint will keep versions of PIP in the repositories for versions of Python they don't also have in the repositories. However, from this python.org page on PIP:

If you installed Python from source, with an installer from python.org, or via Homebrew you should already have pip. If you’re on Linux and installed using your OS package manager, you may have to install pip separately, see Installing pip/setuptools/wheel with Linux Package Managers.

So in theory you should already have it if you have compiled and installed with make install. Try using locate or find for pip3.6

incidentally, the python site gives the following warning.

Warning

make install can overwrite or masquerade the python3 binary. make altinstall is therefore recommended instead of make install since it only installs exec_prefix/bin/pythonversion

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