Carriage return with echo command

Question

I was practicing echo command with option \r (carriage return) as below.

echo -e "This is \r my college"

output:

 my college

but when I add one more word before \r as below

echo -e "This is the \r my college"

Then it gives me output like:

 my college the

Another example

echo -e "This is \r valid data"
 valid data

echo -e "This is not a \r valid data"
 valid data a

So, I wanted to know that what is the actual purpose of carriage return here?

Answer 1

The \r is just that, a "carriage return" - nothing else. This means what is after the \r will overwrite the beginning of what has already been printed.

For example:

echo -e "1234\r56"

Will display:

5634

echo has printed 1234 then gone back to the begining of the line and printed 56 over the top of 12.

For a new line, try \n instead. No need for spaces too. For example:

echo -e "This is\nmy college"

Which will output:

This is
my college

The carriage return is useful for things like this:

#!/bin/sh
i=0
while [ $i -lt 3 ]
do
    echo -ne "\r"`date` #you should remove new line too
    sleep 1
    i=$(($i + 1))
done
exit

Which will display date over the top of itself instead of creating a new line after each loop.