How to remove the comma and print the entire row again for the words which are place after the comma

Question

File:

chr1_156186369  chr1_156186369_A_C,T    A   C,T  33150.29  1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr19_27732257  chr19_27732257_G_C      G   C    262.29    1/2:1,10,7:18:99:414,167
chrM_2619       chrM_2619_A_G,T         A   G,T  33023.29  1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chr9_119375271  chr9_119375271_T_A,G    T   A,G  248.29    1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113

I need to remove the comma from column 2 and 4 only and print the entire row for the words which are place after the comma.

Expected output is:

chr1_156186369  chr1_156186369_A_C  A   C   33150.29  1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr1_156186369  chr1_156186369_A_T  A   T   33150.29  1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272 
chr19_27732257  chr19_27732257_G_C  G   C   262.29    1/2:1,10,7:18:99:414,167
chrM_2619       chrM_2619_A_G       A   G   33023.29  1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chrM_2619       chrM_2619_A_T       A   T   33023.29  1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chr9_119375271  chr9_119375271_T_A  T   A   248.29    1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113
chr9_119375271  chr9_119375271_T_G  T   G   248.29    1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113 

I tried awk but not get any result, also I read the similar type of question here How to extract line from the file on specific condition

Answer 1

Using awk:

awk '{
  split ($2,w2,",");
  split ($4,w4,",");
  for (i in w4) {
    print $1,substr(w2[1],0,length(w2[1])-length(w4[i])) w4[i],$3,w4[i],$5,$6;
  }}'

Note there is no error handling in case the values after comma are not equal for column 2 and 4.

Answer 2

With sed assuming the single character separated values like C,T are repeated

$ sed -E 's/^(.*)([A-Z]),([A-Z])(.*)\2,\3(.*)/\1\2\4\2\5\n\1\3\4\3\5/' ip.txt 
chr1_156186369  chr1_156186369_A_C    A   C  33150.29  1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr1_156186369  chr1_156186369_A_T    A   T  33150.29  1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr19_27732257  chr19_27732257_G_C      G   C    262.29    1/2:1,10,7:18:99:414,167
chrM_2619       chrM_2619_A_G         A   G  33023.29  1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chrM_2619       chrM_2619_A_T         A   T  33023.29  1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chr9_119375271  chr9_119375271_T_A    T   A  248.29    1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113
chr9_119375271  chr9_119375271_T_G    T   G  248.29    1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113

• ^(.*) starting text
• ([A-Z]),([A-Z]) comma separated single characters
• (.*) text in between the repetition
• \2,\3 match the comma separated single characters again
• (.*) rest of line
• \1\2\4\2\5\n\1\3\4\3\5 required output format
• Note that spacing doesn't exactly match with expected output

Answer 3

I don't know how to do it with a single command, but it works with this loop in bash:

cat data.dat | while read line
do
  if echo "${line}" | grep -q '[[:alpha:]],[[:alpha:]]'
  then
    letters=`echo "${line}" | grep -o '[[:alpha:]],[[:alpha:]]' | head -n 1`
    for letter in `echo ${letters} | sed 's/,/ /g'`
    do
      echo "${line}" | sed 's/'"${letters}"'/'"${letter}"'  /g'
    done
  else
    echo "${line}"
  fi
done

Answer 4

Split the 4th field on the comma and use the slices in that column, as well as to replace the last _X,Y into _slice, if there are any:

awk '{
      n=split($4,slices,",")
      for(i=1;i<=n;i++) {
        res=$2
        sub(/.,.*/,slices[i],res)
        print $1, res, $3, slices[i], $5, $6
      }
     }' file

I don't like very much how I print the fields, since I do indicate from the 1st to the 6th, so hopefully this is static.

$ awk '{n=split($4,slices,","); for(i=1;i<=n;i++) {res=$2; sub(/.,.*/,slices[i],res); print $1, res, $3, slices[i], $5, $6}}' a
chr1_156186369 chr1_156186369_A_C A C 33150.29 1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr1_156186369 chr1_156186369_A_T A T 33150.29 1/2:0,4,6:10:88:272
chr19_27732257 chr19_27732257_G_C G C 262.29 1/2:1,10,7:18:99:414,167
chrM_2619 chrM_2619_A_G A G 33023.29 1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chrM_2619 chrM_2619_A_T A T 33023.29 1/2:0,5,5:10:99:293,144,129
chr9_119375271 chr9_119375271_T_A T A 248.29 1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113
chr9_119375271 chr9_119375271_T_G T G 248.29 1/2:1,11,5:17:99:359,107,113