Is there a way to get the Public DNS address of an instance?

Question

I have a project wherein I need to update configuration files each time an EC2 instance is booted with the Public DNS address of the current instance. I'll be using Perl or Sed for this, so that's not really the question, but the real question is: is there a way that I can determine the instance's public DNS address? Is there an EC2 api that I can access from the instance to determine it?

Answer 1

There is. From inside the instance, you can run:

curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4

To get the public DNS hostname, you can change that to:

curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-hostname

You can get the private IP for the instance, too:

curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/local-ipv4

As a side note, you can double-check it against a non-AWS site on the internet, like http://ip4.me

#!/bin/bash

pubip=$( curl http://ip4.me 2>/dev/null | sed -e 's#<[^>]*>##g' | grep '^[0-9]' )

echo $pubip

That will work, generally, to check the "public IP" of any NATed system, or to find your public proxy IP, etc.

And here's a good link to read up on the types of information you can get from Amazon's API: http://www.ducea.com/2009/06/01/howto-update-dns-hostnames-automatically-for-your-amazon-ec2-instances/

Answer 2

I define this function inside my .bashrc to retrieve the public ip and dns:

export PUBLIC_DNS=`curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-hostname 2>/dev/null`
export PUBLIC_IP=`curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/public-ipv4 2>/dev/null`

function get-pub() {
  if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
    echo "Invalid number of arguments"
    return 1
  else
    case $1 in
      dns)
        echo $PUBLIC_DNS
        ;;
      ip)
        echo $PUBLIC_IP
        ;;
      *)
        echo $"Usage: get-pub {dns|ip}"
        return 2
    esac;
  fi
  return 0
}

Answer 3

You can install and configure AWS CLI (aws configure) and use the following command:

aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-id i-0xyz --query 'Reservations[].Instances[].PublicDnsName' --output text

Answer 4

This will get the dns name by tag.

aws ec2 describe-instances --region us-east-2 --max-items 1 --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=MyNameTag" --query 'Reservations[].Instances[].PublicDnsName' --output text