How to make tree output only files?

Question

tree has a -d option to "List directories only.". However, I cannot seem to find an option to "List files only." I have looked through the man page, but I cannot seem to find an option for listing only files.

Answer 1

As others have said in the comments, listing only non-directories doesn't exactly mesh with the purpose of the tree command.

However, listing only the files in the current directory is not unusual if you're like me and prefer to use a customized tree over ls (and maybe you've even aliased ls to tree with your preferred flags and arguments).

Leveraging a combination of tree and grep will get you what you want:

$ tree -F
.
├── file1.txt
├── file5.txt
├── parent_dir1/
│   ├── child_dir/
│   ├── file2.txt
│   └── file3.txt
└── parent_dir2/
    └── child_dir2/
        └── file4.txt

4 directories, 4 files
$ tree -FL 1 | grep -v /$
.
├── file1.txt
├── file5.txt

2 directories, 1 file

The 'F' flag causes tree to append a '/' to directories, and the 'v' flag to grep inverts the given pattern, which matches all lines ending in '/'.

You'll notice that even the summary at the end is still applicable, despite the fact that the directories aren't actually being displayed.

Once you go more than one level down, the tree structure dominates and things get a bit weird.

$ tree -FL 3 | grep -v /$
.
├── file1.txt
├── file5.txt
│   ├── file2.txt
│   └── file3.txt
        └── file4.txt

4 directories, 4 files

EDIT

Also, if the sort of broken tree output bothers you (i.e. the fact that some files are prefaced by the '├─' character instead of the '└─' character, and the multi-level version just seems to trail off...), you can fix this by sorting the output, directories first.

$ tree --dirsfirst -FL 1 | grep -v /$
.
├── file1.txt
└── file5.txt

2 directories, 1 file
$ tree --dirsfirst -FL 3 | grep -v /$
.
│   ├── file2.txt
│   └── file3.txt
│       └── file4.txt
├── file1.txt
└── file5.txt
4 directories, 5 files

I think this actually makes the node-less tree structure more readable, as well.

Answer 2

Consider the following command:

tree -ifF /usr/java/default/jre/lib/images | grep -v '/$'

/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/cursors.properties
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/invalid32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_CopyDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_CopyNoDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_LinkDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_LinkNoDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_MoveDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/cursors/motif_MoveNoDrop32x32.gif
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/icons/sun-java_HighContrastInverse.png
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/icons/sun-java_HighContrast.png
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/icons/sun-java_LowContrast.png
/usr/java/default/jre/lib/images/icons/sun-java.png

2 directories, 12 files

The -i and -f arguments cause tree to output full paths on each line, rather than indenting. The -F argument causes it to append an / to directory names, which are filtered out by the inverted grep (grep -v '/$').

I often use a variant of this to help me impatiently watch the contents of an output directory (and its subdirectories) for activity while running some other command...

watch exec "tree -ifFsD /var/local/myapp/data | grep -v '/$'"

Answer 3

old thread, but as -F now(?) appends different characters to show file types:

-F Append a /' for directories, a =' for socket files, a *' for executable files, a >' for doors (Solaris) and a `|' for FIFO's, as per ls -F

the command could become:

watch exec "tree -ifFsD /var/local/myapp/data | grep '[[:alnum:]]$\|\*'"

Answer 4

If you're OK with an answer that doesn't use tree, I'd recommend find.

find $DIR -type f

Where $DIR is the directory you want to search for.

You could then prettify this into a tree format if you wanted to.

You could create a function tree_file that did it all. Credit goes to JavaSherrif over at this SO answer (previously linked) for the sed stuff. I just tweaked it to include UTF characters.

tree_file() {
    DIR=${1:-"."}

    find $DIR -type f |  sed -e "s/[^-][^\/]*\//  │/g" -e "s/│\([^ ]\)/│── \1/" 
}