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I created this file structure:
test/src
test/firefox
When I run this command:
ln -s test/src test/firefox
I would expect a symbolic link test/firefox/src to be created pointing to test/src, however I get this error instead:
-bash: cd: src: Too many levels of symbolic links
As Dubu points out in a comment, the issue lies in your relative paths. I had a similar problem symlinking my nginx configuration from /usr/local/etc/nginx to /etc/nginx. If you create your symlink like this:
cd /usr/local/etc
ln -s nginx/ /etc/nginx
You will in fact make the link /etc/nginx -> /etc/nginx, because the source path is relative to the link's path. The solution is as simple as using absolute paths:
ln -s /usr/local/etc/nginx /etc/nginx
If you want to use relative paths and have them behave the way you probably expect them to, you can use the $PWD variable to easily add in the path to the current working directory path, like so:
cd /usr/local/etc
ln -s "$PWD/nginx/" /etc/nginx
Make sure that the path is in double quotes, to make sure things like spaces in your current path are escaped. Note that you must use double quotes when doing this, as $PWD will not be substituted if you use single quotes.
cygwin. Thanks!
cd if you would like to go to the targeted directory from the directory where the symbolic link's file is.
Mar 14, 2018 at 15:19
On the surface, what you've suggested you've tried works for me.
$ mkdir -p test/src test/firefox
$ tree --noreport -fp
.
`-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test
|-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test/firefox
`-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test/src
Make the symbolic link:
$ ln -s test/src test/firefox
$ tree --noreport -fp
.
`-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test
|-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test/firefox
| `-- [lrwxrwxrwx] ./test/firefox/src -> test/src
`-- [drwxrwxr-x] ./test/src
Running it a 2nd time would typically produce this:
$ ln -s test/src test/firefox
ln: failed to create symbolic link ‘test/firefox/src’: File exists
So you likely have something else going on here. I would suspect that you have a circular reference where a link is pointing back onto itself.
You can use find to sleuth this out a bit:
$ cd /suspected/directory
$ find -L ./ -mindepth 15
Symlinks are relative to the parent directory of the link, not of the current directory of the ln process.
When you do:
cd /top/dir
ln -s test/src test/firefox
(where test/firefox is a directory), you're making a test/firefox/src symlink whose target is test/src.
That test/src is relative to the test/firefox directory, so that's a symlink to /top/dir/test/firefox/test/src.
If you wanted that symlink to be a link to /top/dir/test/src, you'd need to write:
ln -s ../src test/firefox/
Or
ln -s /top/dir/test/src test/firefox/
though it's generally a bad idea to make symlinks to absolute paths as they are easily broken when directories are renamed or filesystems are mounted elsewhere.
With GNU ln, you can use its -r option to let it make the calculation by itself:
$ ln -rs test/src test/firefox/
$ ls -ld test/firefox/src
lrwxrwxrwx 1 chazelas chazelas 6 Nov 29 15:59 test/firefox/src -> ../src
Use the absolute path instead of the relative path, then it will work.
Eg:
ln -s /home/user/test/src /home/user/test/firefox
cd ./foo then ln -s ../bar bar (this symlink called bar will point the bar directory in the parent directory.
The answer is to use absolute path. But it can be annoying to type the full path for something that is in the current directory. You can use command substitution of pwd to avoid that. If your target is in the current directory:
ln -s "$(pwd)"/target abs/path/to/link
If your link should be in the current directory:
ln -s /abs/path/to/target "$(pwd)"
$PWD special variable for that. That has the advantage over $(pwd) that it still works if the current directory ends in newline characters. Note that it's general better to use relative paths instead of absolute paths in the targets of symlinks as those with absolute paths are more easily broken when directories are renamed or moved or filesystems are mounted elsewhere.
Jul 2, 2020 at 6:00
I've been battling with this for a while and absolute paths are not an option because I need to dockerize my pipeline where relative paths are critical. I finally figured it out:
SRC=$(realpath --relative-to "$DST" -- "$SRC")
ls -ld test test/*, or the exact sequence of commands that you ran to create these files.cd test/firefox/srcwould show the errorcd: no such file or directory: test/firefox/src, becausetest/firefox/srcis a dangling symbolic link. Are you runningcdon some other symbolic link calledsrc?ln -sand thecdthat you don't tell us. Assuming that there is only atestsubdirectory in your current directory, acd src(or whatever you executed) should throw an error. Did you put something intotest/firefox?/some/path, aln -s test/src test/firefoxwill create a symlink pointing from/some/path/test/firefox/srcto/some/path/test/firefox/test/src, not to/some/path/test/src.