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I'm trying to understand Linux file system, and one of the question is:
1- Why there are multiple folders for executable files: /usr/bin, /usr/sbin/ and /usr/local/bin? Is there any differences between them ?
2- If I have an executable file and I want to add it to my system, which of the third latter locations is the best for me ?
man hier from the command line to get the answer to your first question. 
man hier" reads in German somewhat like "man, [look] here!" Which sounds like an unfriendly call or hint to look at something obvious. :)
Jun 18, 2014 at 20:22
It's called the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard and the gory details can be found here
Generally:-
/usr/bin is for user programs.
/usr/sbin is for system programs - those that are used by admins, but not general users.
Both the above begin with /usr and the standard states that these could be hosted on a shared server (using NFS, for example) and accessed by the various hosts on a network. The variants without the /usr (that is /bin and /sbin) are for essential programs that the system needs to boot (as the files in /usr tree won't be available if they're on a NFS share).
/local/bin are for locally compiled user programs.
If you have an executable, which wasn't installed using the system's package manager, then I suppose you should place it in /usr/local/bin if it's to be used by many users, or you could leave it in your home directory if it's only going to be used by yourself.
