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In a bash script I cannot post here I see the following expression: 

${MYVAR:+-x}

I understand the meaning of expressions like ${MYVAR:+OTHERVAR} and ${MYVAR:-OTHERVAR}, but an expression with both a plus-sign and a minus-sign. What does it mean, if anything?

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This is the same as

${MYVAR:+OTHERVAR}

with OTHERVAR being equal to -x. In other words, if MYVAR is unset or null, substitute null; otherwise, substitute -x.

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