New answers tagged memory
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memmap
There is this tutorial titled: Bad Memory HowTo which discusses disabling memory via the kernel using the memmap argument to the kernel. According to the howto you have 2 options when it comes to memmap:
Turn off everything after the bad memory - (mem=###M option)
Turn off just the memory around the bad memory - (memmap=#M$###M option)
With the ...
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The environment (name/value pairs) lives towards the top of the stack. Figure 2 and Section 3 of Startup state of a Linux/i386 ELF binary shows about where the environment is. That doc is somewhat out of date, as ELF auxiliary vector also lives on the stack.
You can check this with a small C program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char ...
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Environment variables are a manifestation of the shell you're using. I would imagine that the environment as a whole is a data structure that is part a component of what makes up a process.
I wouldn't expect them to be kept together in any singular place for all processes, rather each process more likely keeps the environment variables together with a given ...
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Environment variables are stored together with command line arguments at the top of the process memory layout, above the stack.
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In my case,
#dmidecode -t 16
reports this:
Handle 0x000A, DMI type 16, 23 bytes
Physical Memory Array
Location: System Board Or Motherboard
Use: System Memory
Error Correction Type: None
Maximum Capacity: 16 GB
Error Information Handle: Not Provided
Number Of Devices: 2
I would like to point out that I ...
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I fear we may be overlooking the obvious because it's such an "of course" for most of us.
Jonah, forgive me if I'm wrong, but your questions sound like you may not have realized that all of these values, CPU usage in particular, will normally vary quite a lot from second to second.
CPU usage may go from single digits to 100% instantly as a new process is ...
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Good answer @RahulPatil.
Another point to consider about ps or top is as follows
This tool [exmap] is more accurate than ps or top because it takes into account shared libraries in use by multiple applications. For example, if two applications are using the same shared library, which takes up 1MB of memory, ps will show both apps using 1MB of extra ...
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It might help you:
#!/bin/bash
total_mem=0
printf "%-10s%-10s\n" User MemUsage
while read u m
do
[[ $old_user != $u ]] && { printf "%-10s%-0.1f\n" $old_user $total_mem;
total_mem=0; }
total_mem="$(echo $m + $total_mem | bc)"
old_user=$u
done < <(ps --no-headers -eo user,%mem| sort ...
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It ll show you how much memory user by users..
#!/bin/bash
total_mem=0
printf "%-10s%-10s\n" User MemUsage
while read u m
do
[[ $old_user != $u ]] && { printf "%-10s%-0.1f\n" $old_user $total_mem;
total_mem=0; }
total_mem="$(echo $m + $total_mem | bc)"
old_user=$u
done < <(ps ...
8
You just need to understand Memory Concept
As per your Output Of /proc/meminfo , You just need to Notice below things :
Buffers :- A buffer is something that has yet to be "written" to disk. it represent how much portion of RAM is dedicated to cache disk block. "Cached" is similar like "Buffers", only this time it caches pages from file reading
Cached ...
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If you want to look at a particular process named e.g. wing_ide, then
ps a | fgrep wing_ide | fgrep -v fgrep
gives you a number at the beginning of the line (in my case 29837) use this number as follows:
fgrep '[heap]' /proc/29837/maps
The output look like:
01d56000-07026000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 [heap]
If you do this on a ...
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Just for completeness, GDB can dump process image. I didn't check that it unswaps it, but it has to---there's no other way to read the whole process memory:
gdb -p $mypid
followed by
(gdb) gcore /tmp/myprocess-core
Saved corefile /tmp/myprocess-core
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That won't work. The number of clock cycles each instruction takes to execute ( they take quite a few, not just one ) depends heavily on the exact mix of instructions that surround it, and varies by exact cpu model. You also have interrupts coming in and the kernel and other tasks having instructions executed mixed in with yours. On top of that, the ...
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